1. The Spread of Hellenistic Culture
Chapter 5, Section 5

2. Hellenistic Culture in Alexandria
Cultural Blending
Result of Alexander’s Policies—a new vibrant culture
Hellenistic culture—Greek blended with Egyptian, Persian, Indian culture
Trade and Cultural Diversity
Alexandria—Egyptian city become the center of Hellenistic civilization

3. Hellenistic Culture in Alexandria (cont.)
Alexandria’s Attractions
Lighthouse, called the Pharos, stands over 350 feet tall
Museum contains art galleries, a zoo, botanical gardens, dining hall
Library holds masterpieces of ancient literature; supports scholars

4. Science and Technology
Alexandria’s Scholars
Scholars preserve Greek and Egyptian learning in the sciences
Astronomy
Astronomer Aristarchus proves sun is larger than Earth
Proposes planets revolve around sun; not accepted for 14 centuries
Eratosthenes uses geometry to calculate Earth’s circumference

5. Science and Technology
Mathematics and Physics
Euclid—mathematician; his work Elements is the basis for courses in geometry.
Archimedes—scientist and mathematician
He accurately estimated the value of pi (p).
He explained the law of the lever.
He invented the Archimedes screw—a pump which raised water from one level to another.
He invented the compound pulley for lifting objects.

6. Philosophy and Art Stoicism and Epicureanism Realism in Sculpture
Zeno founds Stoic school of philosophy which promoted virtuous and simple lives.
Epicurus believes people should focus on what the senses perceive.
Realism in Sculpture
Colossus of Rhodes—Hellenistic bronze sculpture over 100 feet tall.
Sculptors move to non-classical, natural forms; real people.