Chapter 16 Age of Imperialism

Warm up: Answer each of the following questions. Use yesterday’s notes. 1. What were the 4 MAIN causes for Imperialism? 2. What are 3 ways Europeans took over foreign lands? 3. What 2 places in Africa SUCCESSFULLY resisted Western colonization? 4. Opinion Question: Was Imperialism a Bad Thing for the World in your Opinion? WHY or why not? (use 2to 4 details of support)

What’s this about? Who’s not included at the table?

Resistance: Predict who wins!

Rise of Imperialism Between 1800 and 1914, various Western nations carried out policies of imperialism, in which they sought to control the political, economical, and social life of countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Three key factors led to the rise of imperialism: Political Rivalries & Competition among western countries for more territory Their demand for raw materials and new markets And feelings of cultural and racial superiority that influenced Western peoples to impose their cultures on distant lands. (this included the establishment of Christian missions and churches in colonized nations)

Expanding Control Over Africa Beginning in the 1870s, European nations expanded their control over Africa, dividing the continent among themselves and exploiting its rich variety of natural resources. (although there were many wanted resources on of the biggest resource was rubber which was largely found in Congo) ADD: BY 1884 Africa is divided up (the great African Cake”) by Europe’s leading nations… Brits did face resistance from ZULUS in South Africa but…. Guess who won? Not Zulus…. In spite of African resistance in many areas, only two African nations- Ethiopia and Liberia had managed to escape European control by Two factors played a role in this resistance. First, geographic and biological obstacles such as jungles and malaria kept Europeans out. Second, King Menelik of Ethiopia led a successful resistance against Italian Imperialism. He was one of Ethiopia's greatest rulers, he expanded the empire almost to its present-day borders, and carried out a wide-ranging program of modernization.

Who owned the most land?

Hola India! In India, an uprising in 1857 brought direct British control over Indian affairs. To prevent further unrest, the British took steps to develop India economically, but many Indians failed to benefit from the growth of railroads and industries. In 1885 nationalists formed the Indian National Congress, beginning a long struggle for independence. Add: Ghandi! Becomes the most famous Indian leader, used non-violent resistance!

China Also, during the 1800s, European powers intervened in China. Using military power or the threat of it, they claimed large areas of China as spheres of influence- areas where they had exclusive of trading rights. One of the new market products sold in these areas was opium. Brits brought it in from India …and they first gave out free samples… The Chinese did try to fight back against foreign invaders in the Boxer Uprising of 1900, but the Europeans quickly crushed the revolt. (Add: Chinese thought there Kung Fu could make bullet proof against Western bullets.) In 1912 Chinese revolutionaries upset with what was going on in their country-overthrew the weakened Dynasty and set up a republic.

United States and Japan The United States in 1853 forced the Japanese to open their doors to trade, sending shock waves through Japanese society. The Meiji leaders who came to power in Japan during the 1860s decided to make Japan a great power capable of competing with the West. *The Japanese leaders then reformed Japan’s government and began a program to industrialize and MODERNIZE their nation. By 1941 Japan had emerged as a modern industrial nation.

Era of Imperialism During this era of imperialism, the United States used the Monroe Doctrine, along with other several others, to try and oppose European involvement in Latin America. However: at the same time the US showed the world a growing desire to increase our Influence over the Western Hemisphere. (Latin America: Central and South America) became our area to almost exclusively watch over and conduct business with) For example, in the early 1900s, American military forces often intervened in Latin American countries when either government policies or social unrest threatened American interests. Add: *ALSO We took OVER the Philippines by force in the early 1900s during the Spanish-American War. (Copying what Europeans did in Africa) This involvement heightened tensions between the United States and Latin America.

Monroe Doctrine:

Anti-American feelings were often a factor in the upsurge of nationalism that swept through the region during this period. VLAs: Zulu: Opium Wars:

Wrap Up Activity: In groups or solo… appoint a writer and a presenter and create an inter- CONNECTED Mega Web of 15 PLUS details covering key info from these notes …connect at least 2 facts in chain see how many links you can connect! (EC reward for 5 or more linked) be ready to share! 1 st question to answer is what to call the center of the web???