Reproduction Review

B A What does this diagram represent? Identify structures A and B. During what phase of mitosis is this structure produced? Replicated chromosome B A - Chromatids B - Centromere A Interphase

A B C D E F What process is represented in the diagram above? Mitosis

C A B D F E Describe the 2 daughter cells in stage F. They have the same # of chromosomes as the parent cell. They are genetically identical to the parent cell.

The double chromosomes are pulling apart and moving to opposite poles. For each of the following pictures, identify the phase of mitosis and what is occurring. The pictures are out of order. Anaphase The double chromosomes are pulling apart and moving to opposite poles.

The nuclear membrane is disappearing. Centrioles Spindle fibers Prophase The nuclear membrane is disappearing. Spindle fibers start to form.

Metaphase Chromosomes are lined up in the middle of the cell,

Interphase Chromosomes replicate. Looks like a normal cell.

Telophase Nuclear membrane has started to form around each set of chromosomes Cytokinesis has begun (the cell membrane is pinching in).

Interphase Metaphase Prophase Anaphase Telophase 2 daughter cells that are genetically identical tp parent cell.

A B C F D E What process is represented? What type of cells are represented above? Mitosis Plant cells because they are rectangular

A B C F D E 3. If the first cell is made up of 32 chromosomes, how many chromosomes are found in the daughter cells? 32 In mitosis, daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as parent cell.

A B C F D E 4. How is this different from animal cell mitosis? In plant cell mitosis, cytokinesis occurs as a result of the cell plate forming between the 2 daughter cells. In animal cell mitosis, cytokinesis occurs as a result of the cell membrane pinching in between the 2 daughter cells.

A B C F D E Identify each phase of mitosis below. Prophase Metaphase Interphase Anaphase Telophase

What is the name of the process represented in the diagram? 2. What type of cell division is involved? 3. Identify some organisms that use this process. 4. What type is reproduction is represented? 5. Describe the offspring of this process. Binary fission mitosis ameba, paramecia, bacteria asexual offspring genetically identical to parent cell.

What is the name of the process represented in the diagram? 2. What type of cell division is involved? 3. Identify some organisms that use this process. 4. What type is reproduction is represented? 5. Describe the offspring of this process. Budding mitosis Yeast, hydra asexual offspring genetically identical to parent cell.

Vegetative propagation Vegetative propagation Identify each type of asexual reproduction below. Binary fission Budding Regeneration Vegetative propagation Vegetative propagation Sporulation

What are the differences between asexual and sexual reproduction? Asexual repro uses one parent while sexual repro uses 2 parents. Asexual repro uses mitosis while sexual repro uses meiosis. Asexual repro produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent. Sexual repro produces offspring that are similar but NOT genetically identical to the parents. Sexual repro involves the joining of gametes while asexual repro does not require gametes.

What are the differences between mitosis and meiosis? Mitosis produces 2 daughter cells while meiosis produces 4 daughter cells. Mitosis produces daughter cells with the same # of chromosomes as the parent cell while meiosis produces daughter cells with the half the # of chromosomes as the parent cell. Mitosis is used for asexual reproduction while meiosis is used for sexual reproduction. Mitosis is used to replicate somatic cells while meiosis produces gametes (sex cells).

What process is represented in the diagram? Where does this process occur? 3. How many chromosomes are found in these human gametes? meiosis testes 23

B C A D E cleavage blastula oviduct What does this process represent? Development of an embryo What does this process represent? What process do B and C represent? What does structure E represent? Where in the female reproductive system does this process occur? cleavage blastula oviduct

zygote fertilization B, C, D blastula gastrula differentiation What is structure A? How was it produced? 2. Which structures represent cleavage? 3. What is structure E? 4. What is structure F? 5. What process occurs after structure F is formed? zygote fertilization B, C, D blastula gastrula differentiation

Female reproductive system What is this a diagram of? Identify all the structures labeled. Female reproductive system A - oviduct C - vagina B - ovary D - uterus

B - ovary D - uterus A - oviduct D - uterus What structure produced estrogen and progesterone? Where does a zygote develop? Where is the egg fertilized? Where does the placenta form? B - ovary D - uterus A - oviduct D - uterus

Identify all the structures that are labeled. G - ovary J – urinary bladder H - oviduct K - vagina I - uterus

Where does fertilization occur? Where does the embryo develop? Where does the placenta develop? H - oviduct I - uterus I - uterus

The development of different organs and tissues from the embryonic germ layers is called (1.) ovulation (2.) menstruation (3.) cleavage (4.) differentiation

Identify the names and functions of all structures labeled. A – vas deferens F B - testes A G C - urethra C D - penis E - gland F - gland G - gland D B H – urinary bladder

Identify the structures labeled. A – urinary bladder B - urethra C - penis D – vas deferens E - testes F - scrotum

Which structure produces sperm cells? Which structure carries sperm and urine out of the body? Which structures transport sperm from the testes to the urethra? Which structures release fluids that make up semen? Which structure keeps the testes cooler than the rest of the body? Testes Urethra Vas deferens Glands Scrotum

What kind of fertilization is taking place above? Explain why so many eggs are released during this process? What kind of organisms use this process? External fertilization To increase the chance of fertilization Aquatic organisms

Identify the structures labeled. 1 - cervix 2 – umbilical cord 3 - placenta 4 - oviduct 5 – amniotic fluid

Where did fertilization take place? Where does the exchange of oxygen, nutrients and wastes occur between mother and fetus occur? What protects the fetus? 4 - oviduct 3 - placenta 5 – amniotic fluid

stigma anther H petal style G filament ovary F sepal E ovule

What is the name of the female reproductive organ? What is the name of the male reproductive organ? Pistil Stamen

Which structures make up the pistil? G F E Which structures make up the pistil? Which structures make up the stamen? H, G, F A, C

Which structure produces the male gametes? 2. Which structure produces the female gametes? 3. Which structures attract pollinators? 4. In order for a flower to be pollinated, what does the pollen attach to? anther Ovary Eggs are located in the ovules Petals Pollen has to stuck to the stigma.

What process does the diagram represent? Cross pollination

What does structure X represent? What travels down structure X? Where will it go? Pollen tube Sperm nuclei in pollen Sperm nuclei must enter ovules

What will the ovules eventually develop into once eggs are fertilized? 2.What will the ovary eventually develop into? seeds fruit

seed coat D epicotyl A hypocotyl B C cotyledon