Text Pages 2-17

 What is direct democracy?  What is representative democracy?  What was debt slavery?  Who stopped debt slavery?

1. What was the Code of Hammurabi? 2. Define civilization. 3.List the four early civilizations we learned about?

 yhIg yhIg List 3 Facts about greek democracy

 Define democracy. Draw a picture.

 City States  Athens powerful city-state  Citizens: Adult Males  Denied Citizenship: Women, slaves and foreign residents

 Solon  End Debt Slavery  Cleared Debts

 Considered founder of democracy  Reforms:  Council of 500

 Council of 500 Proposed laws

 Strengthen Democracy  More people participate  Direct Democracy  Citizens rule and make laws directly

Philosophy: Love of wisdom Philosopher: seeker of wisdom

Include 3 details about the following philosophers 1. Socrates 2. Plato kcCw dug

 Universe had absolute laws  People can understand these laws through logic and reason  Emphasized the importance of the individual due to the ability to reason

As a small group you will discuss and vote on 5 items. I will give you the pros and cons of each item.

All drugs should be legalized

People who help someone die should go to jail

 Parents should decide whether or not their child should go to school

 People who commit 3 major crimes should go to jail for life.

 Students should get to choose whether or not they go to school.

 Socrates  Question and Answer approach to knowledge  Plato  Society should be governed by the wisest, not richest  Aristotle

Workbook pages 6-8 Answer numbers 1-7. Yes, you must draw chart. You have 20 minutes

1. How can using the majority opinion be negative? 2. Whose opinion is more important the minority or majority?

1. How can following the majority opinion be negative? 2. Whose opinion is more important the minority or majority? 3. What are the benefits of representative democracy? 4. What are the benefits of direct democracy?

1. What is the difference between a direct democracy and representative democracy 2. Who was Socrates and what did he contribute to philosophy? 3. Who was Plato and who did he think should be leaders of a nation.

 dHlz4 dHlz4  What happened sooner 500AD or 2BC?  616BC or 22AD  3000 BC or 2012AD

What was the Roman Republic? What role did social class have in the Roman Republic? zPE

 What role did Rome have in spreading Christianity? eY

 Chapter 1, Section 3  Complete Vocabulary. Write in own words and draw a picture.  Answer Questions 1-6  Pages 9-12

 Romans rose to power as Greece was decline  Republic:  509 BC  Leader not a monarch  Certain citizens could vote

 Patricians: Aristocratic landowners  Held most important government positions, could vote  Plebeians: farmers, merchants, artisans  No vote, No public office

 Twelve Tables  Publicly displayed written laws  Free citizens had the right to be protected under the law

 Equal treatment under the law  Innocent until proven guilty  Burden of Proof

 Compilation of all Roman law since Twelve Tables  Four works

 Monotheism: One God  Examples?

 Ten Commandments: Written Code of Laws  Focused on morality and ethics

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 Under Roman rule around 63BC  Religion founded by Jesus a Jewish Roman subject  Christ means messiah

 Jesus followers spread his religion across the Roman Empire  Paul declares it as a universal religion

 Jewish Diaspora  Adopted Christianity as official religion 380

 Monotheistic religion  Based on the teaching of the Prophet Mohammad  Quran  Emphasized the dignity of all human beings  Followers called Muslims believe in Allah

 What does monotheistic mean?  What are the major monotheistic religions

What is monotheism? What is a republic? What empire did Jesus live in?

1. Duty of the individual and the community to help others 2. Worth of the individual 3. Equality of people before God Contributed to the basis of democratic thinking

 Jewish and Christian Values, Culture and Traditions

 Greek and Roman traditions, laws and culture

 Written Laws

 Hammurabi’s Code Who? Where?

 Ten Commandments  Who?

 Twelve Tables  Justinian’s Code  Who?  Where?

8 Who was the Prophet Mohammad What is the Quran

 “Rebirth” of Greek and Roman thought  Studied classical texts  Printing press spread ideas  Led to an intellectual movement  Individualism  Challenged authority of Monarchs  Critical of the Church

 Martin Luther criticizes Catholic Church practices  Eventually followers split and formed another branch of Christianity called Protestants  Believed people had a right to interpret The Bible by themselves  Questioned of authority

 William, Duke of Normandy invaded England  End of Feudalism: Exchange of land for service. Loyalty to the King  Beginnings of centralized government  Development of democracy

 People tried in feudal courts and had to survive some sort of ordeal  Henry II creates the jury  Royal judge visits each shire and review crimes. Judge would ask 12 people to explain the facts  Eventually legal decisions were used as precedence and unified under a legal system  Became common law which reflected customs and principle established over time

 King John increased taxes to pay of war debt.  In 1215, Nobles forced King John to sign a contract between King and nobles of England  Limited power of monarchs  Idea that monarchs had no right to rule in any way they please

 Basic legal rights for the individual  Ex. Had to consent for taxes  Due process of law: right to have law work in known orderly ways

 National legislature  Edward I establishes House of Lords and House of Commons  Parliament grew in strength as it voted on taxes, passed laws, and advised royal policies.  Growing power struggled with monarchs  Monarchs assert divine right or the claim that the king’s power came from God.

 James I  Clashed with Parliament  Conflict with Puritans  Used Star Chamber  Royal court of law instead of parliamentary courts  Ignored Parliament’s decision to not grant money.

 Against theories of absolute monarchy  Parliament forced Charles I to sign.  Demanded and end to  Taxing without Parliament consent  Imprisoning citizens illegally  Housing troops in citizen’s home  Maintaining military government in peacetime  Signed to get money and later ignored  Dismissed Parliament and refused to convene  Led to English Civil War 1642 Signed to get money and later ignored Dismissed Parliament and refused to convene Led to English Civil War

 Puritan leader of anti-royal forces in Glorious Revolution  Establishes the Commonwealth of England  Dissolves Parliament and creates a Protectorate  Become military dictator and unpopular  His son resigned and Parliament restored monarchy and continued to expand rights  EX. HABEUS CORPUS or ordered to have the body

 Parliament withdrew support of possible Catholic King and supported Protestant heirs William and Mary. William invaded and drove James II, the current Catholic King, and drove him out.  Parliament limited power of monarchy and began to control the succession of Kings.  Established a constitutional monarchy, powers of the rulers are restricted by the constitution and the laws of the country.

 Limited the monarchy’s power  Protected free speech in Parliament  Summary or rights and liberties  Example  Monarch could not suspend laws  Could not tax without Parliament’s consent  Right to petition king