Chapter 9 Alcohol Lesson 2 The Nervous System Next >> Click for: >> Main Menu >> Chapter 9 Assessment Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation. Next >>

Cells that make up the nervous system neurons Cells that make up the nervous system central nervous system Made up of the brain and the spinal cord peripheral nervous system Made up of the nerves that connect the central nervous system to all parts of the body Click to reveal the definitions.

The command center, or coordinator, of the nervous system brain A long bundle of neurons that sends messages to and from the brain and all parts of the body spinal cord Click to reveal the definitions.

In this lesson, you will be able to list the parts of the nervous system. describe problems of the nervous system. explain how you can keep your nervous system healthy. practice decision-making skills to protect the nervous system.

Major Headings in this Lesson Predicting Look at the major headers in this lesson. Write a question that you think the lesson will answer. After this lesson, check to see if your question was answered. Major Headings in this Lesson The Command Center of the Body The Parts of the Nervous System Problems of the Nervous System Taking Care of Your Nervous System

The Command Center of the Body The nervous system: Is your body’s control center Carries messages to and from your brain Controls breathing Controls the flow of blood throughout the body Can be harmed or permanently damaged by alcohol

The Command Center of the Body Neurons are also called nerve cells. neurons Cells that make up the nervous system Neurons send and receive messages to and from the brain in the form of tiny electrical charges.

The Parts of the Nervous System The two parts of the nervous system are: The central nervous system (CNS) The peripheral nervous system (PNS) central nervous system Made up of the brain and the spinal cord peripheral nervous system Made up of the nerves that connect the central nervous system to all parts of the body

The Parts of the Nervous System The brain works with the spinal cord. brain The command center, or coordinator, or the nervous system Your brain is the most important part of the nervous system. spinal cord A long bundle of neurons that sends messages to and from the brain and all parts of the body

Problems of the Nervous System The nervous system can become injured, or it may be affected by diseases and disorders.

Your Nervous System

Injuries A brain injury can cause brain damage, loss of memory, and the loss of some physical abilities. Physical injuries are the most common causes of damage to the nervous system. If you injure your head, neck, or back, it can be very harmful to your nervous system and overall health.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Disorders Multiple Sclerosis (MS) MS attacks the central nervous system and damages the outer part of some nerves. Cerebral Palsy Cerebral palsy is caused by damage to the brain as it is growing. Alzheimer’s Disease Alzheimer’s causes a loss of memory, mental deterioration, and death. Parkinson's Disease People with Parkinson’s disease often have shaking and stiffness of the arms and legs. Epilepsy Epilepsy occurs when the signals in the brain aren’t sent in the normal way, sometimes causing seizures.

Caring Advances in science can help people who suffer from diseases such as MS and cerebral palsy. Many organizations work to help medical researchers find cures for these disorders.

Some viruses that can harm the nervous system include: Infections Some viruses that can harm the nervous system include: Polio Rabies Meningitis There are vaccines that help protect people from some of these illnesses. Other illnesses may be treated with medicine.

Alcohol and Drug Abuse Alcohol can destroy millions of brain cells, which can never be replaced. Other drugs harm the brain by affecting sleeping, breathing, sleeping, and the way your nervous system sends and receives messages. Some drugs harm the nervous system so much that people using them may imagine objects or lights that aren’t really there. This is called hallucinating.

Taking Care of Your Nervous System Follow positive health practices. Eat nutritious foods and get enough rest. Protect yourself from disease. Get vaccinated and avoid risky situations. Protect yourself from physical injury when playing sports. Wear protective gear. Never dive into shallow water. Have someone spot you when weight lifting. Follow traffic rules. Obey all signs and wear a safety belt when in a car. Practice positive health behaviors. Decide never to use alcohol or other drugs. Click to add notes

What I Learned Vocabulary Define neuron. Lesson 2 Review a cell that makes up the nervous system

What I Learned Name List the two parts of the nervous system. Lesson 2 Review What I Learned Name List the two parts of the nervous system. central nervous system and peripheral nervous system

Lesson 2 Review What I Learned Explain Describe how multiple sclerosis affects the nervous system. MS damages the outer part of some nerves so that they cannot send messages properly.

What I Learned Describe How can alcohol damage the nervous system? Lesson 2 Review What I Learned Describe How can alcohol damage the nervous system? Alcohol can destroy brain cells.

Lesson 2 Review Thinking Critically Hypothesize If the PNS stopped working, what would happen to the CNS? Sample answer: The central nervous system could not receive messages from the nerves in the body, so the body could not respond to what it senses.

Lesson 2 Review Thinking Critically Apply What decisions can you make to keep your nervous system healthy? Sample answer: Wear a helmet while bicycling or in-line skating and never use drugs or alcohol.

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