Chapter 9: Emerging Trends and Technologies Management Information Systems for the Information Age Chapter 9: Emerging Trends and Technologies Business, People, and Technology Tomorrow

"Some (people) see things the way they are and ask, "Why "Some (people) see things the way they are and ask, "Why?" I dream things that never were, and ask "Why not?" George Bernard Shaw

Lecture Map Technology is pervasive—it’s all around us, everywhere we go, whatever we do. Technology affects both your personal life and your business career. Technology is changing everyday. This chapter focuses on emerging or bleeding-edge technologies, categorized into the following six trends. 1. Information Filtering 6. Rebirth of E-Commerce 2. Intellectual Computing 5. Digital Frontier 3. Physiological Interaction 4. Portability and Mobility Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies

Information Filtering (1/3) Issues: We are inundated with information and must filter out what is relevant and important Decision makers can suffer from “analysis paralysis” – too much information to consider Solutions: Data mining agents can help us find relationships in the vast amount of information available 1. Information Filtering Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies

Information Filtering (2/3) Advances: Push, Not Pull Technologies With pull technologies (Web browsers), you request the information you want and it is then served to you To be effective, push technologies require that you provide suppliers with information about you Information Supplier Convergence Suppliers include magazines, newspapers, Internet access, telephone, hydro, cable, television, and books Better coordination of information (reduced overlap and waste of bandwidth) when various types of media and content are served together; better filtering opportunities and options 1. Information Filtering Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies

Information Filtering (3/3) “Profiling” 1. Information Filtering Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies

Intellectual Computing Advances: Artificial Intelligence is a controversial issue Do we really want to build “intelligent software”? People’s Roles in AI Support Systems Regardless of how intelligent a computer system may become, it will never completely match or replace human thought and reasoning in decision making Automatic Speech Understanding When intelligent software can truly understand verbal context, we will then have “Speech Understanding” as opposed to “Speech Recognition” 2. Intellectual Computing Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies

Physiological Interaction (1/3) Issues: Current interface – keyboard, mouse, & monitor Physiological interface – breath, voice, height, weight, voice, and even the retina of your eye Advances: Automatic Speech Recognition Dragon Naturally Speaking and IBM ViaVoice Ensure secure transactions with voice biometrics ASR captures and distinguishes words and groupings: Feature Analysis – captures words and digitizes Pattern Classification – matches syllables to model Language Processing – makes sense of syllables DISCRETE ASR - requires you to pause between each spoken word. CONTINUOUS ASR - processes continuous streams of words - that is, normal speech. SPEAKER-INDEPENDENT ASR - can be used by anyone, but have limited vocabularies that cannot be expanded. SPEAKER-DEPENDENT ASR - lets you “train” it to recognize your voice. These have expandable vocabularies but can be used only by you. 3. Physiological Interaction Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies

Physiological Interaction (2/3) Advances (con’t): Virtual Reality 3-dimensional computer simulation with which you may interact physically for training, demos, & fun Special gear required – glove, headset, and/or walker Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVEs) 3-dimensional VR room, similar to the Star Trek holodeck Holographic devices create, capture, and/or display images in true 3-dimensional form No special gear required; just camera technology 3. Physiological Interaction Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies

Physiological Interaction (3/3) Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies

Portability and Mobility (1/3) Issues: Portability refers to how easy it is for you to carry around your technology Mobility encompasses what you are able to do with your technology while carrying it around True portability and mobility requires wireless Advances: Free Internet Phone Calls Net2Phone for consumers PC-Telephone.com for consumers Voice Over IP (VoIP) technologies Skype 4. Portability and Mobility Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies

Portability and Mobility (2/3) Lets you make almost-free long-distance phone calls all over the world. First you register with an Internet phone service provider, such as PC-Telephone. Then, you connect to its Web site and browse a list of people on the Internet with similar phone-calling capabilities. PC-to-PC PC-to-Phone 4. Portability and Mobility Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies

Portability and Mobility (3/3) Advances (con’t): Micro-Payment (small amounts) and Financial Intermediaries Wearable Computers Implant Chips Microchip inserted in the body that stores important information – identification, passport, medical info, GPS system, and emergency contact information 4. Portability and Mobility Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies

Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies Digital Frontier (1/2) Issues: Challenge 1: The technology itself Challenge 2: The willingness of people to embrace this technology Last-mile bottleneck problem – occurs when information is traveling on the Internet over a very fast line for a distance and then comes near your home where it must travel slower 5. Digital Frontier Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies

Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies Digital Frontier (2/2) Advances: Three-Dimensional (3D) presentations Digital Cash or e-Cash Grid Computing Self-Repairing Computers Intelligent Home Appliances Smart Shopping Carts Universal Translators Ergonomics Gyration Mouse & MyPCE 5. Digital Frontier Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies

Rebirth of E-Commerce (1/2) Governmental Advances: Broadening of e-Government Government-to-Government (G2G) Government-to-Business (G2B) Government-to-Consumer (G2C) International Government-to-Government (IG2G) 6. Rebirth of E-Commerce Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies

Rebirth of E-Commerce (2/2) Corporate Advances: Many companies failed in using the Internet for commerce and business because: They did not know what they were doing They did not have a well-defined business plan They did not show a clear path to profitability from initial investment costs (questionable revenue models) However, e-Commerce as a business and industry survived the failure of the market 6. Rebirth of E-Commerce Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies

Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies In Closing Five most important considerations: The necessity of Information Technology Closing the great digital divide Technology for betterment of people and society Exchanging privacy for convenience Ethics, ethics, ethics Chapter 9: Emerging Trends & Technologies