Pronoun Case Yippee! So why is it “We the people…” instead of “Us the people…” in the preamble to the Constitution?

Pronoun Case Diagnostic 1.I wanted to see that movie with Judy and (she / her). 2.The Smiths and (they / them) went on vacation to Hawaii last winter. 3.I did not do as well on my exams as (he / him). 4.Why don’t you let Joanne and (I / me) drive you to the hospital? 5.I was very surprised to hear about (he / him / his) refusing the promotion.

Pronoun Case Diagnostic 1.I wanted to see that movie with Judy and (she / her). 2.The Smiths and (they / them) went on vacation to Hawaii last winter. 3.I did not do as well on my exams as (he / him). 4.Why don’t you let Joanne and (I / me) drive you to the hospital? 5.I was very surprised to hear about (he / him / his) refusing the promotion.

6. (She / Her) will show (we / us) the way to Tim Horton’s house. 7. (We / Us) students really look forward to going home for Christmas. 8. (You / Your) singing off-key is distracting me. 9. I was thrilled to see the sale advertised at Wal-Mart, but I was not as thrilled as (she / her). 10. Don’t forget to tell (he / him) and (I / me) about your plans.

6. (She / Her) will show (we / us) the way to Tim Horton’s house. 7. (We / Us) students really look forward to going home for Christmas. 8. (You / Your) singing off-key is distracting me. 9. I was thrilled to see the sale advertised at Wal-Mart, but I was not as thrilled as (she / her). 10. Don’t forget to tell (he / him) and (I / me) about your plans.

11. Did (she / her) really say that about (he / him)? 12. Since the weather is nice, let’s take the baby and (he / him) to the park. 13. I wondered if (she / her) would accept my offer. 14. Were Sandra and (he / him) surprised to see you? 15. No one loves chocolate more than (I / me).

11. Did (she / her) really say that about (he / him)? 12. Since the weather is nice, let’s take the baby and (he / him) to the park. 13. I wondered if (she / her) would accept my offer. 14. Were Sandra and (he / him) surprised to see you? 15. No one loves chocolate more than (I / me).

Case of Pronouns Person Nominative Objective Possessive S 1 st I me my, mine I N 2 nd you you your, yours G 3 rd he, she, it him, her, it his, her, hers, its P 1 st we us our, ours L U 2 nd you you your, yours R A 3 rd they them their, theirs L

Case of Pronouns Person Nominative Objective Possessive S 1 st I me my, mine I N 2 nd you you your, yours G 3 rd he, she, it him, her, it his, her, hers, its P 1 st we us our, ours L U 2 nd you you your, yours R A 3 rd they them their, theirs L

Case of Pronouns Person Nominative Objective Possessive S 1 st I me my, mine I N 2 nd you you your, yours G 3 rd he, she, it him, her, it his, her, hers, its P 1 st we us our, ours L U R 2 nd you you your, yours A 3 rdthey them their, theirs

Nominative Case 1.Subject: We are the best class in the world! She is my bratty little sister. They will certainly be the winners. 2.Predicate Nominative: ***** The best class is undoubtedly we. My bratty little sister is she. The winners will certainly be they.

Uses of Nominative Case continued 3. Appositive to subject or predicate nominative: We the people do ordain and establish this Constitution. The winners will certainly be we eighth graders.

Objective Case 1.direct object Ex. She called us over. He tripped me by accident. 2.Indirect object Ex. I threw him the pen. The teacher gave us a weird look!

Objective Case 3. Object of the preposition. Ex. I threw the pen (to him). Ex. He will speak (to them) about the situation. Ex. We all have heard (of her). 4. Appositive to d.o., i.o., o.p. You need to help us girls.

Talk with your group: How many different ways can you have an OBJECTIVE case pronoun in a prepositional phrase? Think of 2 ways to use the POSSESSIVE case in a prepositional phrase– as an adjective and as a pronoun. How can you have a NOMINATIVE CASE pronoun in a prepositional phrase???

OBJECTIVE CASE: Throw this (to them). I will go (with the one [who will help me].) POSSESSIVE CASE: Stop talking (to your friend). You can put your bike (with mine). NOMINATIVE CASE: Give your advice (to [whomever I select]). I saw her look (at the one [he had indicated]).

Additional Practice 1 Circle the correct pronoun in parentheses, indicate its case, and identify its function or use: Nominative: Subject, predicate nominative, appositive to S. or P.N. Objective: Direct object, indirect object, object of the prep., or appositive to D.O., I.O., or O.P

1. (Him, He) and (I, me) go to the movies once a week. 2. By 4:00, Sheila and (he, him) had already decided to get married. 3. Although John and (her, she) went to the same school, they never met. 4. Sam and (me, I) practice trumpet on Sunday. 5. (Them, They) received gifts for their birthday. 6. Joseph and (he, him) repaired the stereo in two hours.

1. (Him, He) and (I, me) go to the movies once a week. 2. By 4:00, Sheila and (he, him) had already decided to get married. 3. Although John and (her, she) went to the same school, they never met. 4. Sam and (me, I) practice trumpet on Sunday. 5. (Them, They) received gifts for their birthday. 6. Joseph and (he, him) repaired the stereo in two hours.

7. Juan and (her, she) were born in Havana. 8. Deborah and (me, I) met at the dance concert. 9. (We, Us) students want to thank you for a good course. 10. Your class was a treat for (we, us) students. 11. Carlos and (me, I) plan to take Spanish this spring because Mr. Rodriguez will be our teacher.

7. Juan and (her, she) were born in Havana. 8. Deborah and (me, I) met at the dance concert. 9. (We, Us) students want to thank you for a good course. 10. Your class was a treat for (we, us) students. 11. Carlos and (me, I) plan to take Spanish this spring because Mr. Rodriguez will be our teacher.

12. Professor Simmons gave Lucy and (I, me) the highest grades in the class. 13. Why don't you give (us, we) short people a chance to play basketball? 14. For (we, us) there is nothing like a cold lemonade on a hot day. 15. The school awarded the coach and (me, I) a medal. 16. We ran after David and (she, her) to give them the money they had left behind.

12. Professor Simmons gave Lucy and (I, me) the highest grades in the class. 13. Why don't you give (us, we) short people a chance to play basketball? 14. For (we, us) there is nothing like a cold lemonade on a hot day. 15. The school awarded the coach and (me, I) a medal. 16. We ran after David and (she, her) to give them the money they had left behind.

17. After all, (we, us) people have rights too. 18. The tutor helped my brother and (me, I) with our math homework. 19. Sally and (him, he) played tennis against Tom and (me, I). 20. Jose and (her, she) missed the train. 21. Between you and (me, I), I don't like spinach. 22. Those green apples made Ellen and (him, he) sick. 23. (He, Him) and his wife live alone now that the children are grown.

17. After all, (we, us) people have rights too. N, S. 18. The tutor helped my brother and (me, I) with our math homework. O, D.O. 19. Sally and (him, he) played tennis against Tom and (me, I). N, S; O, O.P. 20. Jose and (her, she) missed the train. N, S. 21. Between you and (me, I), I don't like spinach. O, O.P. 22. Those green apples made Ellen and (him, he) sick. O, D.O. 23. (He, Him) and his wife live alone now that the children are grown. N, S.

Circle the correct pronoun(s) in parentheses, indicate the case, and identify its function or use. 1. In the bitter cold, (he, him) and Dad struggled to save the orange crop. 2. (Her and me, She and I) have joined the Shutter and Lens. 3. Phil showed Danny and (I, me) his butterfly collection. Additional Practice 2

Pronoun Case Warm-Up Think back to yesterday’s PowerPoint introducing Shakespeare and The Merchant of Venice (TMoV). Write 1 (one) true sentence explaining something you learned in the slide show. In your sentence, use a third-person plural objective case pronoun as a direct object. Make sure you can explain the analysis that reveals the pronoun as a direct object.

Pronoun Case Warm-Up

Circle the correct pronoun(s) in parentheses, indicate the case, and identify its function or use. 1. In the bitter cold, (he, him) and Dad struggled to save the orange crop. 2. (Her and me, She and I) have joined the Shutter and Lens. 3. Phil showed Danny and (I, me) his butterfly collection. Additional Practice 2

Circle the correct pronoun(s) in parentheses, indicate the case, and identify its function or use. 1. In the bitter cold, (he, him) and Dad struggled to save the orange crop. N, S 2. (Her and me, She and I) have joined the Shutter and Lens. N, S 3. Phil showed Danny and (I, me) his butterfly collection. O, I.O. Additional Practice 2

4. Bert warned Hank and (I, me) about the strong undertow at Breezy Point. 5. Jessie sent Gail and (he, him) postcards from Quebec. 6. (He and I, Him and me) are building a rock garden for Aunt Lucy. 7. Half an hour later Mother called Dad and (I, me) to lunch. 8. Was that (her, she) on the palomino?

4. Bert warned Hank and (I, me) about the strong undertow at Breezy Point. O, D.O. 5. Jessie sent Gail and (he, him) postcards from Quebec. O, I.O. 6. (He and I, Him and me) are building a rock garden for Aunt Lucy. N, S 7. Half an hour later Mother called Dad and (I, me) to lunch. O, D.O. 8. Was that (her, she) on the palomino? N, P.N.

9. Mr. Adams helped (he, him) and Ruby with their rocket. 10. Lend Alf and (I, me) your book on dog training. 11. Aunt Martha gave the puppets to Holly and (I, me). 12. Are Harry and (he, him) out in their boat in this storm? 13. Everyone except (he, him) had given up the search for the runaway Irish Setter. 14. Between you and (I, me), today's science quiz was easy.

9. Mr. Adams helped (he, him) and Ruby with their rocket. O, D.O. 10. Lend Alf and (I, me) your book on dog training. O, I.O. 11. Aunt Martha gave the puppets to Holly and (I, me). O, O.P. 12. Are Harry and (he, him) out in their boat in this storm? N., S. 13. Everyone except (he, him) had given up the search for the runaway Irish Setter. O., O.P. 14. Between you and (I, me), today's science quiz was easy. O., O.P.

15. Can't (us, we) boys rake the leaves tomorrow? 16. (Her and me, She and I) are trying out for parts in Miss Cherry Blossom. 17. Those green apples gave Bill and (I, me) stomach aches. 18. The scoutmaster told Fred and (I, me) the troop's decision. 19. Abby and (I, me) are members of the Volleyball Club. 20. A neighbor's television kept Betty and (I, me) awake.

15. Can't (us, we) boys rake the leaves tomorrow? N, A/S. 16. (Her and me, She and I) are trying out for parts in Miss Cherry Blossom. N, S. 17. Those green apples gave Bill and (I, me) stomach aches. O, I.O. 18. The scoutmaster told Fred and (I, me) the troop's decision. O, I.O. 19. Abby and (I, me) are members of the Volleyball Club. N, S. 20. A neighbor's television kept Betty and (I, me) awake. O, D.O.

Circle the correct pronoun(s) in parentheses, indicate the case, and identify its function or use. 1. George was always better than (I, me) at football. 2. That night (me and my friends, my friends and I) went dancing. 3. She felt that they were in a world of their own, (she, her) and her friend. Additional Practice 3

Circle the correct pronoun(s) in parentheses, indicate the case, and identify its function or use. 1. George was always better than (I, me) at football. 2. That night (me and my friends, my friends and I) went dancing. 3. She felt that they were in a world of their own, (she, her) and her friend. Additional Practice 3

4. My room is big enough for my daughter and (I, me). 5. His sister is jealous because he gets more attention than (she, her). 6. She tries to use big words when (she and I, her and me) are talking. 7. When I got there, (he, him) and his partner had already started. 8. (We, Us) confirmed coffee drinkers never will get used to tea.

4. My room is big enough for my daughter and (I, me). 5. His sister is jealous because he gets more attention than (she, her). 6. She tries to use big words when (she and I, her and me) are talking. 7. When I got there, (he, him) and his partner had already started. 8. (We, Us) confirmed coffee drinkers never will get used to tea.

Choose the correct case for the pronoun in the elliptical clause. 1. Water frightens him more than (she, her). 2. My brother is more serious than (she, her). 3. We eat ice cream more often than (they, them). 4. I am as old as (they, them). 5. He is not so old as (we, us). 6. Although our term papers were the same length, the professor gave him a higher grade than (I, me).

Choose the correct case for the pronoun in the elliptical clause. 1. Water frightens him more than (she, her). 2. My brother is more serious than (she, her). 3. We eat ice cream more often than (they, them). 4. I am as old as (they, them). 5. He is not so old as (we, us). 6. Although our term papers were the same length, the professor gave him a higher grade than (I, me).

7. If you don't think that her friends are as nice as (she, her), why not tell her so? 8. They think they are sharper than (she, her), but wait until they tangle with her and find out the truth. 9. You paid more than (we, us) for that stereo. 10. Sometimes, our children act more mature than (we, us). 11. It often seems to be harder for me than (he, him). 12. Do you think that his sister will be as smart as (he, him)?

7. If you don't think that her friends are as nice as (she, her), why not tell her so? 8. They think they are sharper than (she, her), but wait until they tangle with her and find out the truth. 9. You paid more than (we, us) for that stereo. 10. Sometimes, our children act more mature than (we, us). 11. It often seems to be harder for me than (he, him). 12. Do you think that his sister will be as smart as (he, him)?

Pronoun Case: Who vs. Whom Fact:People often misuse who and whom. *Remember: Who is in nominative case, like he is, whereas whom is in objective case, like him is. Examples: (Who, Whom) is going to the beach? He is going to the beach = Who is going to the beach? To (who, whom) shall I write the check? This is a little trickier— please follow.

Change the question to a statement and substitute he or him, whichever fits: I shall write the check to him = I shall write the check to whom = To whom shall I write the check?

** Sometimes in English we separate prepositions from their objects, which makes it a bit trickier. Example: (Who, Whom) are you going to the awards ceremony with? Rearrange the sentence so that it is in standard Subject-Verb-Complement order, and substitute he or him. You are going to the party with him= You are going to the awards ceremony with whom = Whom are you going to the awards ceremony with?

*** In English, sentence structure can complicate matters. In complex or compound- complex sentences, you need to make sure that the clause with the who/whom choice is in standard Subject-Verb-Complement order.

Example: I must meet the person (who, whom) she recommended. Isolate each clause: I must meet the person (independent clause); (who, whom) she recommended – dependent clause Rearrange who/whom clause so it’s in S-V- Complement order: she recommended (who, whom) Substitute as before: she recommended him = she recommended whom Change the order back: I must meet the person whom she recommended.

Try it on your own: 1.(Who, Whom) will you invite to the party? 2.(Whoever, Whomever) parked this car needs to move it. 3.There is a fifty-dollar reward for (whoever, whomever) finds and returns my dog. 4.(Who, Whom) is Elaine living with? 5.(Who, Whom) is that man at the end of the alley?

Try it on your own: 1.(Who, Whom) will you invite to the party? 2.(Whoever, Whomever) parked this car needs to move it. 3.There is a fifty-dollar reward for (whoever, whomever) finds and returns my dog. 4.(Who, Whom) is Elaine living with? 5.(Who, Whom) is that man at the end of the alley?

6.He is the kind of person (who, whom), my father says, will always be able to multiply his money. 7.There will be a five-minute break for (whoever, whomever) among you needs it. 8.To (who, whom) should I give this letter? 9.The parents of that baby, (whoever, whomever) they are, shouldn’t leave it alone. 10.Can you tell (who, whom) she looks like?

6.He is the kind of person (who, whom), my father says, will always be able to multiply his money. 7.There will be a five-minute break for (whoever, whomever) among you needs it. 8.To (who, whom) should I give this letter? 9.The parents of that baby, (whoever, whomever) they are, shouldn’t leave it alone. 10.Can you tell (who, whom) she looks like?

Elliptical Clauses Reminder: An elliptical clause is just a clause (subject & predicate) where some part of the clause is implied rather than stated. In other words, part of the clause is invisible. Look for the words than and as when used in a comparison. These words often introduce elliptical clauses.

When you find than or as introducing an elliptical clause, one way to determine the correct pronoun is to finish the comparison that has been started. –Example: Pat is much older than (he, him). Finish the entire comparison: Pat is much older than (he, him) is old. Analyze the function of the pronoun (sub., p.n., d.o., i.o., o.p.) within the elliptical clause the same way you analyze a regular sentence. Look only at the elliptical clause (it starts right at the than or as), then do your steps of sentence analysis until you have figured out how that pronoun is being used.

Another way (possibly an easier way) to determine which pronoun to choose is to find the item (usually a person or people) to whom the pronoun in question is being compared. Substitute a pronoun for that person; whichever pronoun fits in that person’s place is the correct pronoun choice. Identify its case, and figure out how the word the pronoun is being compared to is functioning within its own clause. The pronoun in the elliptical clause will have the same function. For example:Herman has given his accordion to you rather than (she, her). The word that (she, her) is being compared to is “you.” Which pronoun fits in place of “you?” Herman has given his accordion to her. Look at that pronoun you have replaced. What is its function in the visible clause? It is an object of the preposition. When you put it into to elliptical clause, it will be used as the exact same thing.

Always check to make sure the case of the pronoun you choose matches the pronoun’s function. Subjects and predicate nominatives need NOMINATIVE case; direct objects, indirect objects, and objects of prepositions need OBJECTIVE case.