Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen His X-rays changed medicine & technology

Structure Biography X-rays Domains Historical events Interview with Roentgen The First X-ray picture

Biography Youth Study Work area

Youth 27th March 1845: Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen was born in Lennep (Remscheid) : He visited the technical school in Utrecht; He left without school leaving examination

Study : Entrance exam instead of school leaving examination; Study of mechanical engineering in Zurich 1868: Diploma as a mechanical engineer; After that: study of physics

Work area Roentgen‘s labour 1870: Publication of „Annalen of Physics and Chemistry“ 8th November 1895: Roentgen discovered the X-rays 22nd November 1895: First X-ray pictures 28th December 1895: Manuscript „A new kind of rays“ ("Eine neue Art von Strahlen"); Roentgen pointed to the medicine use at the publication; The deadly side effects of the X-rays were unknown for a long time 1st April 1900: Roentgen got the professorship at University Munich 10th December 1901: Awarding of the Nobel Prize of Physics 1st April 1920: Roentgen was retired in Munich 10th February 1923: Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen died in Munich

The X-RAYS Pure research The „X-rays“ Applications & property

Pure research

The „X-rays“ InfraredUltra-violet On 8th November 1895 Roentgen carried out the experiment with a charge. He covered the discharge tube completely with black paper, and light couldn't get out of the tube. Next to the building he put up a screen with a special mass that lighted up when it was illuminated. The screen lighted up, although light couldn't get out of the discharge tube through the black paper. Because of different reasons the rays couldn't be cathode rays. He took the screen and carried it to the tube. After that the light became stronger and the bones of his fingers appeared on the screen. So the rays came through the human body. Roentgen called them X-rays.

Glass flask Black paper X-rays Visible beams of light Screen

Applications & Property ApplicationProperty in medicine in metallurgy in technology in chemical Fundamental research (very important) invisible for human eyes ionisers air, gas and light molecules carcinogenic short wave light

Domains UniversitiesRoentgen's work Zurich Doctorate of physics at University Zurich Strasbourg Habilitation at University Strasbourg Hohenheim Professorship in Physics and Mathematic at agricultural Academy Hohenheim Giessen Vocation to Giessen as professor Wuerzburg Vocation for an ordination in Wuerzburg; Election as a vice-chancellor at University Wuerzburg Munich Roentgen got the professorship at University Munich

Historical events during his lifetime 1870's 1880's 1890's 1900's 1910's

1870's 1870–1872: German-French War 18th January 1871: Foundation of the German Reich 1873: Three-Emperor-Agreement (Germany, Austria, Russia) in Berlin was signed 1878: Otto von Bismarck's law against social democracy 1879: Alliance between Germany and Austria

1880's & 1890’s 1882: Italy became part of the alliance between Germany and Austria (till 1914/15) : Installation of Bismarck's social laws in Germany: Health insurance, accident insurance and pension insurance scheme 25th January 1890: The German sovereign assembly declined the bill of the government about the prolongation of the socialist law for an indefinite period 1st April 1892: Installation of the Central European Time as standardized time for the entire Germany 5th December 1894: Emperor Wilhelm II. opened the German sovereign assembly building in Berlin

1900's & 1910’s 8. April 1904: Entente Cordinale (Alliance between Great Britain and France to solve a conflict of interests) 14. Dezember 1911: First person reached the South Pole 1912: Maiden voyage and sinking of the Titanic : First World War 1918: November Revolution in Germany 1919: Foundation of the Weimarer Republic 8. April 1904: Entente Cordinale (Alliance between Great Britain and France to solve a conflict of interests) 14. Dezember 1911: First person reached the South Pole 1912: Maiden voyage and sinking of the Titanic : First World War 1918: November Revolution in Germany 1919: Foundation of the Weimarer Republic

Interview with Roentgen

References: Google: WIKIPEDIA; ROENTGEN BIOGRAPHY; PHYSICS FOR KIDS; Book: MENSCHEN DIE DIE WELT VERÄNDERTEN Made by: Julia Habelmann Sarah Schäfer Mira Siedentop