Learning Targets: SWBAT review all material covered in SSCG2 and SSCG3 SSCG2 The student will analyze the natural rights philosophy and the nature of government expressed in the D.O.I. SSCG3 The student will demonstrate knowledge of the U.S. Constitution EQ: What were the main ideas in the debate over ratification? What were some of the strengths and weaknesses of the articles of Confederation? Learning Targets: SWBAT review all material covered in SSCG2 and SSCG3

Persuasive argument What is the best descriptor of the Declaration of Independence?

Federalists Group in favor of ratifying the Constitution

Articles of Confederation What document was used to govern the United States before the Constitution?

Thomas Jefferson Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

New Jersey Plan Which plan for government favored the small states in terms of representation?

federalism Dividing of powers between a central/federal government and state governments

Virginia Plan Which plan for government favored large states in terms of representation?

True T or F? The congress created by the articles did not have the power to collect taxes.

James Madison Who is known as the “Father of the Constitution”?  

Anti-federalists Opposed ratification of the U.S. Constitution. Wanted the states to have as much or more power than the Federal Government

Virginia Plan Unsuccessful plan proposed at the Constitutional Convention, w/ 2 houses of congress based on state population, and executive and judicial branches to be chosen by the legislature

New Jersey Plan Unsuccessful plan proposed at the Constitutional Convention, providing for a single legislative house with equal representation for each state

Great Compromise An agreement reached by delegates at the Constitutional Convention, which combined the Virginia and New Jersey plans. This created our current legislature with 2 houses, one based on population and elected by the people and the other house allowing 2 senators per state.

preamble Introduction to the Constitution, which states the purposes of government

Constitution Written at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787 and ratified by the original 13 states. Governing document of the United States.

debate An organized argument or discussion where opposing sides are allowed to present their case

ratify To make official or approve

federalism Dividing of powers between a central/federal government and several local governments

Articles of Confederation Original constitution of the US, replaced by US Constitution. Major weaknesses

Federalist Papers A series of 85 articles or essays promoting the ratification of the US Constitution.

Popular sovereignty Theory that government is created by and subject to the will of the people.

It was a failure and was eventually replaced by the Constitution. What was the outcome of the Articles of Confederation?

Framers The men who wrote the Constitution are called the “Founding Fathers” or ________________.

It provides justification for revolting against unjust governments. Why has The Declaration of Independence had such a major influence on peoples throughout the world?

Representation in Congress At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the Great Compromise resolved the issue of

Rhode Island Which state chose not to attend the Constitutional Convention?

To protect people’s natural rights. According to the Declaration of Independence, what is the fundamental purpose of government?

B. The states had much greater power than the central government Which statement best describes governmental power under the Articles of Confederation? A. Power was shared equally by the central government and the states. B. The states had much greater power than the central government. C. A balance of power existed between the three branches of the central government. D. A strong chief executive headed a unified central government.

George Washington Who served as President of the Constitutional Convention?

The Enlightenment The Declaration of Independence was based on the ideas of which time period?

9 How many states were necessary to ratify the Constitution?

Bill of Rights What did the Federalists promise to add to the Constitution if it was ratified?

List of Grievances What is the longest section of the Declaration of Independence?

Allowed America to expand and incorporate new territories in an orderly way. What did the Land Ordinance and Northwest Ordinance do?

James Madison, John Jay, Alexander Hamilton Who were the 3 main authors of the Federalist Papers?

Publius What pen name did the Federalist Papers Authors use?

1. Constitution creates separation of powers. 2 1. Constitution creates separation of powers 2. The Constitution creates a system of federalism 3. The Constitution sets up a Republic Much of the Federalist Papers explained 3 basic ideas behind the Constitution. What are these 3 basic ideas?

National Government Anti-Federalists criticized the United States Constitution primarily because governing power was concentrated in the: State Governments National Government

explain and justify why the American colonists revolted against their mother country What is the primary purpose of the Declaration of Independence?

Articles of Confederation In the 1780’s, many Americans distrusted a strong central government. This distrust is best shown by the plan of Government set up by the __________________________.

John Locke’s theory of natural rights “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” This quotation reflects beliefs mainly derived from who? Which theory?

Equal representation for the states in the national legislature At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, delegates from the small states most strongly supported the idea of

the people should revolt against a government that did not protect their rights  What did John Locke’s theory of the social contract, as developed in the United States Declaration of Independence, state?

The ratification of the Constitution. The Federalist Papers were published in 1787 and 1788 to help gain support for……

The framers of the Constitution were able to compromise on important issues.  “New Congress to Have Two Houses” “Slaves to Count as Three-Fifths of a Person” “President to be Chosen by Electoral Vote” Which conclusion about the Constitutional Convention is best supported by these headlines? 

deprived Americans of their natural rights A major argument for American independence found in the Declaration of Independence was that the British refused to sell products to Americans deprived Americans of their natural rights C. stopped participating in the slave trade D. censored American representatives in Parliament