1. Chapter 5 Section 3 Creating the Constitution

2.  Great Compromise  Agreement providing a dual system of congressional representation  Three-Fifths Compromise  Agreement providing that enslaved persons would count as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in Congress  Electoral College  A group of people named by each state legislature to select the president and vice president  Federalists  Supporters of the constitution  Federalism  A form of government in which power is divided between the federal, or national government and the states  Anti-Federalism  Those that opposed ratification of the Constitution

3. Creating the Constitution  Great Compromise  Agreement providing a dual system of congressional representation  Three-Fifths Compromise  Agreement providing that enslaved persons would count as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in Congress  Electoral College  A group of people named by each state legislature to select the president and vice president  Federalists  Supporters of the constitution  Federalism  A form of government in which power is divided between the federal, or national government and the states  Anti-Federalism  Those that opposed ratification of the Constitution

4. Creating the Constitution  Philadelphia Convention  1787- States met in Philadelphia to fix articles of confederation  All but Rhode Island sent delegates  Convention began in Philadelphia May 25, 1787  55 men as delegates  Benjamin Franklin was the oldest  2 would become presidents (Washington, Madison)  19 Senators, and 13 Representatives, 8 judges (including 4 Supreme Court justices)

5. Creating the Constitution  Philadelphia Convention (Constitutional Convention)  George Washington was chosen to preside over the convention  Each State would have 1 vote  Simple Majority would decide the issue (7 votes)  Work was kept secret  Changing Articles of Confederation was not enough, It was too weak, Government needed new Constitution

6. Creating the Constitution  Creating the Constitution  Virginia Plan  Proposed by Edmund Randolph of Virginia  Had President, courts and bicameral congress  Representation in each house base on population  Large State would have more votes than small states  Appealed to higher population states  Feared by small populations states

7. Creating the Constitution  Creating the Constitution  New Jersey Plan  June 15 – William Patterson  Government similar to Articles of Confederation  Unicameral- equal representation  Congress could set taxes and regulate trade

8. Creating the Constitution  Creating the Constitution  The Great Compromise  Debate lasted 6 weeks  Roger Sherman of Connecticut and his committee came up with the answer  2 houses (Bicameral)  Senate- Equal representation  House of Representatives- Population based  Also known as the Connecticut Compromise

9. Creating the Constitution  Creating the Constitution  The Three-Fifths Compromise  What would be done about the 550,000 African Americans many of whom were slaves  South wanted to count them in population, but North opposed idea  Every 5 Slaves would count as 3 delegates, or every slave would count as 3/5 of a person

10. Creating the Constitution  Creating the Constitution  Other Compromises  Congress could regulate trade between states along with other countries, but couldn’t tax exports or interfere with slave trade until 1808  Some thought that people should elect president, while others thought congress should choose, Came up with the idea of the Electoral College

11. Creating the Constitution  Balancing Viewpoints  September 17, 1787 Constitution was signed by all but three of the 42 delegates that remained  At least 9 of the 13 states had to ratify  Federalists- Supporters of the Constitution  Only a Strong National Government could protect the new Nation  Wrote Federalist Papers- essays supporting the Constitution  All wrote under the name Publius  Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay wrote them  Published in newspapers around the country

12. Creating the Constitution  Anti-Federalists- Opposed Constitution  Would take away liberties, ignore the will of the states (too strong of a national government)  Wouldn’t ratify without a Bill of Rights  June 21, 1788- New Hampshire is the 9 th state to Ratify the Constitution, Rhode Island is the last in 1790.  Bill of Rights  1789-10 amendments (changes) put in to protect citizens rights  Ratified by 1791