Kinds of Sentences… The Four Kinds of Sentences DeclarativeImperativeExclamatoryInterrogative

Kinds of Sentences… Declarative TELLS something. Ends in a Period. EX: John and Stephanie whisper about the surprise party.

Kinds of Sentences… Imperative Gives an order. Ends in a Period OR Exclamation Point EX: Get out there and kick some butt!

Kinds of Sentences… Exclamatory Expressed strong feelings. Ends in an Exclamation Point EX: Go walk the dog! Now!

Kinds of Sentences… Interrogative Asks a question. Ends in a question mark EX: What time is it?

Independent Clause Vs. Dependent Clause Can stand alone as a compete sentence Must have a noun and a verb AKA “simple sentence” EX: The magician’s rabbit died. An incomplete thought Contains a noun & a verb, but is set with a subordinate conjunction…making it an incomplete thought EX: Because the magician’s rabbit refused to come out of the hat.

Complex Sentence Vs. Compound Sentence Sentence structure that is a combo of a dependent & an independent clause EX: If you walk to the top of the tower, you will find a sacred goat. Sentence structure made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction EX: Don’t open the door or a deadly smell will kill you.

Conjunctions… Subordinate Conjunction Coordinate Conjunction A conjunction that makes an independent clause into a dependent clause EX: because, since, which, if, when, although…. A conjunction that connects or joins parts of a sentence EX: FAN BOYS “for”, “and”, “nor”, “but”, “or”, “yet”, “so”

Cumulative Sentence Begins with a standard sentence pattern (independent clause) Adds multiple details after it These details pile-up or accumulate AKA “Loose Sentence” EX: The women moved through the streets as winged messengers, twirling around each other in slow motion, peeking inside homes and watching the easy sleep of men and women. (T.T. Williams)

Periodic Sentence Begins with multiple details (dependent clause) Holds off the standard sentence structure (or at least its predicate) until the end EX: Crossing a bar common, in snow puddles, at twilight, under a clouded sky, without having in my thoughts any occurrence of special good fortune, I have enjoyed a perfect exhilaration. (R.W. Emerson)

Inverted Sentence Verb comes before the subject Slows the reader down EX: Everywhere there was a shadow of death. (R. Carlson) EX: Under them are evergreen thickets of rhododendron. (W. Berry) EX: In the woods, is perpetual youth. (Emerson)

Rhetorical and Stylistic Strategy Use unusual sentence patterns to : Call attention to the sentence Emphasize a point Control sentence rhythm Increase tension or create a dramatic impact Avoid monotony in your writing