“ITS Experience in the Philippines” Ricardo G. Sigua, PhD. Professor, College of Engineering Affiliate, National Center for Transportation Studies University of the Philippines Diliman Seminar on Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) Applications in the Philippines 13 February 2009

Metro Manila’s Urbanization Urban Sprawling Concentration of economic, commercial and cultural activities  Traffic congestion  Inadequate transportation services MMUTIS 2000 Land Area: 636 sq.kms. Population: 10M Population growth rate: 3%

Traffic Congestion Negative Impacts Wastage of time and energy due to delays incurred in congested roadways

Environment SPM: significantly above the standard of 180 mg/m 3. daily ave. in many locations NO 2: has exceeded the standard amount of 0.10 ppm hourly ave. for a healthy environment in some locations Noise Level: 77-84dB in many locations Environmental degradation caused by increased vehicle exhausts in traffic jams

Energy

Road Safety 105,260 (US$1.9B) 25,800 27,748 33,119 18,593 Adjusted for under- reporting 973, , ,150 93,820 8,180 Adjusted for under- reporting Based on reported accidents As reported (Police) 2,548 (U$45M) 12,806TOTAL 5299,62355,000Damage-Only 1151,67269,000Minor Injury ,000Serious Injury 1, ,273,000Fatal Total Cost (million pesos) Number of Accidents Average Cost (Pesos) Accident Type Source: Sigua, UP COE/NCTS 2.6 % of the Philippines’ GDP

MARTE A. PEREZ Public Transportation

Traffic Demand by Mode Source: MMUTIS, 1996 ModePerson Trips (%) Vehicle Trips(%) Private Semi Public Public

ITS Deployment in the Philippines Traffic Responsive Signal System –State of the Art Metro Manila Adaptive Responsive Traffic (SMART) System The Metro Manila ETC System

Traffic Responsive Signal System Uses Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System (SCATS) –first used in Cebu City –covers more than 420 intersections in Metro Manila

ETC System SLEXNLEX Length, km.4884 Start of Operation Aug. 2000Early 2005 Technology DSRC 5.8Ghz US-based Transcore Egis Projects S.A. of France Daily Volume270,000200,000 % ETC Users206.5

Where would ITS fit in? Complement the plans and programs of the government: - urban expressways – ETC - urban rail – automation; commuter information; schedule -sustainable data collection system Road Pricing - ERP instead of manual method

Road Pricing Possibly the most effective method of alleviating congestion in Metro Manila (Koshi) Should be set unrealistically high to achieve meaningful reduction Time-based charging

Initial Studies on Road Pricing ( MMUTIS ) SchemeAlleviation of Congestion, % Revenue US$ million/year Along EDSA570 CBD of Makati Area bounded by EDSA

Urban Expressway Expansion, km. Metro Manila Outer Areas Total Existing Skyway I Committed MMUTIS Proposal Total

Urban Rail Network Expansion LineLength, km. No. of Stations Total

Sustainable Data Collection System No sustained traffic data collection effort; data collection largely on a project basis  A data collection system must be established to facilitate gathering of traffic baseline information Probe Car Survey System Probe car device: data logging system with built-in GPS

General information on Metro Manila traffic situation –Yearly evaluation of traffic condition (unbiased) Network travel speeds, delays, bottlenecks; may include seasonal variation Assessment of changes/improvements introduced to the transportation system –System/area wide infrastructure (impacts of newly introduced flyovers, bridges, pavement rehab, pedestrian overpass, etc.) traffic management (U-turns, one-way regulation, parking regulation, etc.) post TIA for new commercial developments Influence area of congestion due to road construction, pipe laying, etc. –Local specific problem areas (bottleneck, blackspots, etc. ) Potential uses of the probe car survey system

Issues Related to ITS Deployment in Developing Countries Institutional - very high level of cooperation among agencies Infrastructure - requires well-developed communications and uninterrupted power supply Technology - should be based on ‘needs assessment’; not just a technology push Budget - allocation of funds unfamiliar to transport authorities

Immediate Tasks Creation of an ITS organization Development of ITS master plan for Metro Manila Information dissemination to gov’t. agencies; foster cooperation

Beneficiaries should not be car users only. (70% trip makers rely on public transport) ITS revenues should be earmarked for development of mass transit systems Any ITS deployment should not be dependent on costly or massive infrastructure outlays because of limited budget. Conditions for successful ITS in the Philippines

Thank you!