Testosterone Braden Harris

History of Testosterone A testicular action was linked to circulating blood fractions – now understood to be a family of androgenic hormones. In the early work on castration and testicular transplantation in fowl by Arnold Arnold Adolph Berthold(1803–1861). Research on the action of testosterone received a brief boost in 1889, when the Harvard professor Charles-Eduard Brown-Sequard (1817–1894), then in Paris, self-injected subcutaneously a “rejuvenating elixir” consisting of an extract of dog and guinea pig testicle. He reported in The Lancet that his vigor and feeling of well-being were markedly restored but, predictably, the effects were transient, and likely based on a placebo effect, and Brown-Sequard’s hopes for the compound were dashed. Suffering the ridicule of his colleagues, his work on the mechanisms and effects of androgens in human beings was abandoned by Brown-Sequard and succeeding generations of biochemists for nearly 40 years.

Testosterone is… The steroid hormone from the androgen gland. Found in mammals reptiles and birds Secreted from the testes of males and ovaries from females Can be secreted from the adrenal glands Plays a key role in the male development of the reproductive organs Promotes things as muscle and hair growth as well as bone mass

Make up of Testosterone

What Testosterone Does In charge of necessary sperm count in adults Regulates acute HPA (hyperthalamic pituitary adrenal axis) Mental and physical energy Makes men selfish and want to punish other men for being selfish towards them

Low Testosterone Reduced testosterone can play a major role in the Fight or Flight dominance challenge May cause men to lack in sexual motivation Have a decrease in sperm count Make men less responsive to sexual contact

High Testosterone May cause high blood pressure Overly high sperm count More of a fight then flight attitude Mood swings Too much or abnormal muscle build-up

Connection to the Brian Due to the testosterone presence in males they have larger brains on average then that of females Due to the the larger amounts of testosterone in men they are more likely to get aggravated easier than girls Testosterone gives the brain the ability for it feel aggression due to the levels in the body

Testosterone Problems Testosterone insufficiency (also termed hypotestosteronism or hypotestosteronemia) is an abnormally low testosterone production. It may occur because of testicular dysfunction (primary hypogonadism) or hypothalamic- pituitary dysfunction (secondary hypogonadism) and may be congenital or acquired. An acquired form of hypotestosteronism is a decline in testosterone levels that occurs by aging, sometimes being called “andropause” in men, as a comparison to the decline in estrogen that comes with menopause in women.

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