H EALTH CARE IN N EW T OWNS Discovering the opportunities & threats in developing health care in the new towns in Africa Diederik Aarendonk Based on material.

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H EALTH CARE IN N EW T OWNS Discovering the opportunities & threats in developing health care in the new towns in Africa Diederik Aarendonk Based on material of Renske Voorn, trainee at the JvEI

K ILAMBA Kilamba city

Konza technology city Kenya

T ATU C ITY K ENYA

E KO A TLANTIC C ITY N IGERIA K ING CITY G HANA K IGAMBONI NEW CITY T ANZANIA

U RBAN PLANNING IN A FRICA High urbanization rates

N AIROBI, K IBERA The Kibera Slum of Nairobi houses 1.5 million people (nearly 50% of Nairobi's total population) on less than 5% of Nairobi's landmass. It is one of the most densely populated places on the planet. Life expectancy in Kibera is 30 years of age compared to 50 years of age in the rest of Kenya. Half of all Kiberians are under the age of out of 5 children in Kibera do not live to see their fifth birthdays.

N AIROBI, K IBERA M AP, EXISTS SINCE 2009 HTTP :// WWW. MAPKIBERA. ORG / HTTP :// WWW. MAPKIBERA. ORG /

A BUJA N IGERIA (1976) Replace Lagos new Capital California and Planning Research Corporation Concepts of American neighborhoods 778,567 inhabitants The Federal Capital Territory (FCT)

D ODOMA T ANZANIA (1973) New Capital Encourage development in rural area Project Planning Associates, Canadian firm 215,000 inhabitants

T EMA G HANA (1951) Build near the capital Accra Port Volta River Project The Tema Development Corporation Accra-Tema-Akosombo triangle 180,000 inhabitants (targeted 250,000)

N EW TOWS SALVATION OR DAMNATION Economic growth Innovation Employment Urban areas: Better access to services Better health Slums Impoverishing effect Need for decentralized and democratic government Inequality Poverty Informality

A BUJA

H EALTH SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT Opportunities Building from scratch Room for experiments Threats Megalomania Building Utopia

H EALTH SYSTEM BARRIERS Inverse care Impoverishing care Fragmented and fragmenting care Unsafe care Misdirected care

H OW CAN WE MAKE THE HEALTH SYSTEM WORK ? How can we learn from New Towns like Abuja, Dodoma and Tema and how could the health care planning process have improved and improve in the future? What aspects/elements should be present when there is planned for health services in New Towns?