1. Urbanisation

2. What is urbanisation?
It is an increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas compared to rural areas.

3. An Urban area is a built up area such as a town or city.
Urbanisation
An Urban area is a built up area such as a town or city.
A Rural area is an area of countryside.

4. What is counter-urbanisation?
It is the movement of people (migration) out of urban areas, to the surrounding areas or rural areas.
This trend is quite common in MEDCs as compared to LEDCs.

5. MEDC & LEDCs
MEDC (More Economically developed Country) – a developed country which has high levels of development based on economic indicators such as gross domestic product (country’s income)

6. MEDC & LEDCs
LEDC (Less Economically developed Country) – A developing country, also called a less-developed country, is a nation with a low living standard, underdeveloped industrial base, and low Human Development Index relative to other countries

7. MEDC & LEDCs (indicators)
Pair Activity (1)
1. Research as a pair & write in own words the meanings of these terms in your own exercise book
Population density
GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
Life expectancy
Human Development Index (HDI)
2. Using the sheet provided determine using the researched data where each country belong between MEDC and LEDCs.
Use the following website for your research

8. MEDC & LEDCs (indicators)
Country Name
Population
(in millions)
GDP
(in billions)
Life Expectancy
(M/F)
Urbanisation
Economic status
(MEDC or LEDC?)
Urban population
(%)
Rate of
(% per year)
USA
Australia
Singapore
China
U.K.
Indonesia
Iraq
South Africa
Kenya
Afghanistan

9. MEDC & LEDCs
Using the world outline map provided, colour the MEDC (Green) and LEDC (RED) & then glue the sheet in your writing book (Activity 2)

10. Urbanisation (Causes)
PUSH factors
PULL factors
Pull and Push Factors (Activity 3)

11. Push Factors (possible responses) poverty lack of religious freedom
Pull factors
Push Factors (possible responses)
poverty
lack of religious freedom
corrupt governments
lack of opportunity
poor education
civil strife
lack of medical care
natural disasters
Pull Factors (possible responses)
opportunity
religious freedom or freedom in general
higher standard of living
jobs
lower cost of living
medical care / medicine
safety/protection
fair or just government

12. Urban facilities & way of life Protection from conflict (LEDCs)
Pull factors
Employment
High incomes
Better health
Better education
Urban facilities & way of life
Protection from conflict (LEDCs)
Religious & political freedom

13. Drought or natural disasters
Push factors
Famine
Drought or natural disasters
Poor living conditions e.g. housing, education, health care
Agricultural change
Unemployment
War and conflict
Educational opportunities

14. Rural to Urban trends

15. Population growth (discussion)

16. Urbanisation (Rise of cities)
A city is a large and permanent settlement which has a complex system of transport, land use, utilities such as water, power and sanitation
A megacity is a city with more than 10 million people e.g. New York (USA), Tokyo (Japan), Cairo (Egypt), Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
Megaregion is a when megacities expand to join each other to form one urban settlement e.g. Hong Kong – Shenzhen - Guangzhou in China(120 million), Nagoya – Osaka – Kyoto – Kobe in Japan (60 million), Rio de Janeiro –Sao Paolo in Brazil (43 million)

17. Urbanisation (Rise of cities)

18. Urbanisation (Rise of cities)

19. Urbanisation (Rise of cities)

20. Urbanisation (Rise of cities)

21. Megacities (Key facts)
Over half the future growth of megacities will be within Asia
20 largest cities consume 80% of the world’s energy and produce 80% of the global greenhouse gases
Slums in megacities are vulnerable to climate change as they are built on high risk locations e.g. Boneo in Indonesia

22. Urbanisation Quiz 1