1. Population Trends

2. Demography - terms Natural increase - is the change in population between two points in time, calculated by subtracting the number of deaths from the number of births. It largely depends on fertility, which is the number of births in relation to the number of women of childbearing age. Fertility rate - The number of live births per 1000 women of the childbearing age group (15-44). Population growth - Population growth is the change in size of population between two dates. It is the result of a country's natural increase and its net migration. Net migration - is the variation of the population between two dates resulting from the difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants. Source: http://www4.hrsdc.gc.ca/.3ndic.1t.4r@- eng.jsp?iid=35http://www4.hrsdc.gc.ca/.3ndic.1t.4r@- eng.jsp?iid=35

3. Terms cont. Birth rate - The ratio of total live births to total population in a specified community or area over a specified period of time. The birthrate is often expressed as the number of live births per 1,000 of the population per year. Replacement fertility rate - Replacement fertility is the total fertility rate at which women would have only enough children to replace themselves and their partner. Currently replacement rate in industrialized work is 2.1 Population Density – Population density is midyear population divided by land area in square kilometers. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes. http://www.forbes.com/pictures/edgl45fdlj/no-1-dhaka-bangladesh/

4. Urbanization Urbanization will be one of the main demographic processes of the coming decades, particularly in those regions that are still largely rural. In 2008, the world passed the 50% urbanization mark. From 2018 on, urban population growth in the world as a whole will exceed total population growth, as rural areas will start losing population in absolute terms. In Sub-Saharan Africa, the urban population will increase from 324 million in 2010 to 730 million in 2035. During the same period, China’s degree of urbanization is expected to increase from 45% to 64%. Analyze advances in the urbanization process and compare it with other countries in the region. Highlight its relationship with economic and social progress. Show moreover that behind the urban percentage exists a texture for the urban system that is comparatively extensive, with various nodes, or a large capital city and a number of small towns, i.e. illustrate the density of the urban system. Finally, describe the distribution of the population throughout the national territory, and in particular regional reallocations resulting from migration, and their relationships with policies and productive transformations. If possible, describe the country’s policies with respect to urban growth and population distribution. http://unfpa.org/psa/second-part-1-3-12

5. Terms Demographic Transition - The notion of the demographic transition refers to the long-term process of transition from a demographic regime of high birth and death rates to one of low birth and death rates. Every industrialized country has undergone this transition, and developing countries may be seen as being in various stages of the transition.

6. World Population

7. Fertility rate Chart - http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/11-402- x/2012000/chap/pop/pop03-eng.htmhttp://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/11-402- x/2012000/chap/pop/pop03-eng.htm

8. Family structure trend http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/as-sa/97- 553/vignettes/families.swf

9. Travel and Tourism http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/11-402-x/2012000/chap/tt- ut/tt-ut-eng.htm tables http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/11-402-x/2012000/chap/tt- ut/tt-ut-eng.htm

10. Developed vs developing countries Based on the information learned in this course please create a profile of developed vs developing countries. Population Growth Fertility rate Birth rate Life expectancy Rural-urban migration Level of education Health care Gender role Living arrangements You may find some information here http://www.prb.org/Publications/Datasheets/2014/2014-world- population-data-sheet.aspx http://www.prb.org/Publications/Datasheets/2014/2014-world- population-data-sheet.aspx

11. Crime and Justice Stats Canada - http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/11-402- x/2012000/chap/crime/crime-eng.htm?fpv=2693http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/11-402- x/2012000/chap/crime/crime-eng.htm?fpv=2693