Warm Up: 2/24 The following picture illustrates the Union’s Military strategy. Why do you think this plan was nicknamed the Anaconda Plan?

Anaconda Plan Anaconda Plan- 3 part strategy used by the Union to defeat Confederacy 1. Blockade Southern ports 2. Move down the Mississippi River and split the confederacy in 2 3. Capture the confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia.

Reconstruction Period after Civil War

Reconstruction Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan Johnson’s Plan Pardon all Confederates who swear allegiance to Union Reunite country as quickly as possible Criticism Far to lenient Included nothing about ensuring rights and citizenship of blacks States must swear allegiance to Union Adopt 13 th Amendment Criticism Included nothing about the needs of blacks Did not protect voting rights, land rights, or equal protection under the law

Radical Republicans Group of Republican Senators who will control Reconstruction Felt Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan was weak and did not protect the rights of former slaves. RR sought to protect the rights of former slaves by: Creating Military Districts- send US military to protect and keep order South will be divided into 7 districts Passing the 14 th Amendment Guarantee “Due Process” and equal rights Full citizenship for former slaves States must adopt 14 th amendment to be readmitted into Union

Radical Republican Achievements 1. Freedmen’s Bureau Govt. agency- give food, medical care, clothing Set up hospitals and schools th Amendment Abolish slavery th Amendment Due process and equal rights th Amendment Universal male suffrage

Impeachment of Andrew Johnson Impeachment Elected official breaks a law and can be removed from office President Andrew Johnson Impeached for violating the Tenure of Office Act Tenure of Office Act- President can’t interfere with Reconstruction efforts of Radical Republicans Impeachment Trial Johnson WILL NOT be impeached by one vote Johnson will not interfere again with Reconstruction

End of Reconstruction End with the Election of 1876 and the Hayes-Tilden Compromise (Election ends in a draw) Hayes-Tilden Compromise Republican Candidate Hayes wins presidency Republicans must withdraw the military from the South South will no longer have military protection Democrats will control states governments in the South

South After Reconstruction Sharecropping Most former slaves and poor whites will be sharecroppers Sharecropping Farmers who must pay rent for the land they use Most are poor and barely able to get by

South After Reconstruction Black Codes Laws passed by Southern states to limit blacks from certain things (owning guns or testifying against whites) Ku Klux Klan Hate group formed to intimidate blacks and prevent them from voting and enjoying new freedoms (13, 14, 15 amendments)

South After Reconstruction Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)- US Supreme Court case that ruled on segregation- said separate but equal was Constitutional Defend segregation and Jim Crow laws in the South Jim Crow- laws set up in South to segregate blacks and whites and provide separate facilities (restaurants, hospitals, schools, etc)