1. Reconstruction Period after Civil War 1865-1877

2. Two Plans Lincoln’s Plan Johnson’s Plan Very lenient- no punishment
Pardon all Confederates who swear allegiance to Union
Reunite country as quickly as possible
Criticism
Included nothing about ensuring rights and citizenship of blacks
Johnson’s Plan
States swear allegiance to Union
Adopt 13th Amendment
Criticism
Included nothing about the needs of blacks
Voting rights, land rights, and protection under the law

3. Radical Republicans
Group of Republican Senators who will control Reconstruction
Wanted to protect the rights of former slaves
Military Districts- send US military to protect and keep order
South will be divided into 7 districts
14th Amendment passed
Guarantee “Due Process” and equal rights
Full citizenship for former slaves
States must adopt 14th amendment to be readmitted into Union

4. Radical Republican Achievements
Carpetbaggers:
People who moved from the north to help reconstruction
Freedmen’s Bureau
Govt. agency- give food, medical care, clothing
Set up hospitals and schools
13th Amendment
Abolish slavery
14th Amendment
Due process and equal rights
15th Amendment
Universal male suffrage

5. Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
Elected official breaks a law and can be removed from office
President Andrew Johnson
Be impeached for violating the Tenure of Office Act
Tenure of Office Act- President can’t interfere with Reconstruction efforts of Radical Republicans
Impeachment Trial
Johnson WILL NOT be impeached by one vote
Johnson will not interfere again with Reconstruction

7. End of Reconstruction
End with the Election of 1876 and the Hayes-Tilden Compromise (Election ends in a draw)
Hayes-Tilden Compromise
Republican Candidate Hayes wins presidency
Republicans must withdraw the military from the South
South will no longer have military protection
Democrats will control states governments in the South

8. South After Reconstruction
Sharecropping
Most former slaves and poor whites will be sharecroppers
Farmers who must pay rent for the land they use
Most are poor and barely able to get by
Black Codes
Laws passed by Southern states to limit blacks from certain things (owning guns or testifying against whites)
Ku Klux Klan
Hate group formed to intimidate blacks and prevent them from voting and enjoying new freedoms (13, 14, 15 amendments)

9. South After Reconstruction
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)- US Supreme Court case that ruled on segregation- said separate but equal was Constitutional
Defend segregation and Jim Crow laws in the South
Jim Crow- laws set up in South to segregate blacks and whites and provide separate facilities (restaurants, hospitals, schools, etc)

10. Scalawag and Carpetbagger
Northerner who moved South during Reconstruction
Negative view- wanted to become wealthy and take advantage of poor southerners
Scalawag
Southerner who supported the Republican party (who opposed slavery)
Seen as sell-out by other Southerners- most white southerners will belong to Democratic party

11. Westward Movement Reasons to move west Cheap land
Religious freedom- Mormons move to Utah
Gold, silver- 49ers in California
Escape segregation and slavery

12. Westward Expansion Homestead Act Passed in 1862
Offered cheap land in Oklahoma and midwest states
Agree to stay on land for 5-10 years
Morrill-Land Grant Act
States get money to start colleges for agriculture and technology