Imperialism in China and Japan By Mr. P

China Trade: China sold the British merchants SILK, TEA, PORCELAIN, in exchange for GOLD and SILVER. China was EXPORTING more than it imported which made the British upset and so they wanted more stuff. (1890’s) British wanted to expand markets to other countries to feed the INDUSTRIAL MACHINE Q: How did British trade with China trigger the Opium Wars? The British introduced Opium, when the Chinese tried to stop the opium trade, the British responded with gunboats.

DRUGS Opium contains approximately 12% morphine, an alkaloid, which is frequently processed chemically to produce heroin for the illegal drug trade. The latex also includes codeine and non-narcotic alkaloids such as papaverine, thebaine and noscapine.

OPIUM WAR Opium grown in INDIA was traded for TEA SILVER was eventually used as payment for the OPIUM. Chinese government outlawed the drug. The Chinese govt. executed drug dealers OPIUM WAR begins. (Britain refused to stop selling) British would smuggle in Opium from India and trade it for silver.

OPIUM WAR: Unequal Treaties: 1842 Britain made the Chinese accept the TREATY OF NANJING. 1. Give up rights to western powers. 2. Made them pay for war. 3. Laws of the land do not apply to outsiders (extraterritoriality right) 4. Most favored nation clause, whatever rights you give another nation you need to give us. 5. Can trade in 5 ports. Q: How did the Taiping Rebellion and other internal problems weaken the Qing dynasty? Years of turmoil, power given to regional leaders, weakened the Qing dynasty and made China vulnerable to European encroachment.

Taipang Rebellion: Massive flooding, tax evasion, extravagant court cases, widespread corruption by the rich in CHINA! Poverty and misery increased and they poor will rise up from Inspired by a revolutionary teacher Hwong Chwahn. He wanted a heavenly kingdom of great peace the “TAIPANG.” He was influenced by the teachings of western missionaries.

TAIPANG REBELLION: Fight between Imperial China and Taipang Rebels. Effects: million dead, shared power with regional governors and Russia seized lands in Northern China. Q: How did reformers try to solve China’s internal problems? They tried to modernize, incorporate Western technology, build industry, and streamline government.

JAPAN: 2 different approaches CHINA Imperialized by Britain Forced into foreign trade (opium) Signed treaty because lost Opium war Agreed to modernize after 2 wars Became weaker 1899=Open Door policy to keep trade open for everyone. They were fearful that American merchants would get locked out. RESISTED IMPERIALISM JAPAN Imperialized by US Asked to open country to trade Signed treaty out of FEAR Vowed to industrialize Sought out best imperialists Germany=military British=navy Became strong Convinced west to give up extraterritorial rights Imperialized Russia/China Transformed in POWERHOUSE!! Q: What caused the Qing dynasty to fall? The Boxer Rebellion led to greater Westernization, which led to nationalism, which combined with discontent and a weak emperor to topple the dynasty.

War with Japan In 1868 Japan decided to go to war with China. Japan took Taiwan from China and were dressed as westerners at the treaty table. They actually wanted more land but some countries would not let them take it. This was a disaster for China. China will resent westerners. Today China prefers Japanese made electronics and things like pencils they prefer China goods.

Boxer Rebellion In 1899 a group of Chinese had formed a secret society the righteous harmonious fists. Westerners watched them train and dubbed them BOXERS. Goal was to drive out foreign devils. Polluting with telegraph, trains, and other NON Chinese ways.

Boxer Rebellion The westerners responded to boxers attacks in 1900 by organizing a multinational force to crush the boxers and rescue foreigners in Beijing.

BOXER REBELLION EFFECTS: China had to reform: Rushed women to school Stressed science and math More students were sent to study abroad China expanded ECONOMICALLY as well as mining, trains, telegraphs, tobacco, soybeans, silk.

LONGTIME EFFECTS ON CHINA OF IMPERIALISM: China = Constitutional Monarchy: and came up of 3 principles of the people: 1. Nationalism: pride in your country 2. Democracy: or representative government 3. Livelihood: or economic security for all Chinese.

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