1. Ch. 22 The Decline of the Qing Dynasty

2. The Opium War (1839 – 1842) Western nations were limited to one trading area (Canton) Import > export (debt was paid for with silver) British tried to negotiate Trade opium which was Grown in India (BEI Company) 2

3. The Opium War (1839 – 1842) Chinese tried to stop the trafficking of the illegal drugs British govt. refused to stop Chinese govt. blockaded the foreign port British responded with force British navy sailed to the Qing capital

4. The Opium War (1839 – 1842) Treaty of Nanjing Open five ports to British trade, Limit taxes on British imported goods, Pay for the war The island of Hong Kong was also given to the British The Europeans lived under a policy of extraterritoriality Chinese tried to deal with this by giving other foreign countries the same concessions

5. Poppies have long been used as a symbol of sleep, peace and death Mature seed pod of the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) with milky latex sap dripping from a recent cut. Most species of poppies are attractive and are cultivated as ornamental plants. A few species have other uses, I.e. - drugs and foods. Drugs made from the opium poppy are called "opiates." Some common opiates include: opium, heroin, morphine, oxycodone, hydrocodone (aka Vicodin), codeine, hydromorphone, Percocet, Fentanyl, etc.

6. Opium dens

7. Tai Ping Rebellion 1850 – 1864 Led by Hong Xiuquan Causes – Corrupt Govt. (Qing) economic problems Wanted social reforms New foreign ideas Result 20 million deaths European powers came to the aid of the Qing Dynasty

8. Open Door Policy – 1899 John Hay – US Secretary of State Feared that the Chinese Qing dynasty would collapse Wanted equal access to the Chinese markets for all nations 8

9. Open Door Policy – 1899 America’s interest: The survival of China US trading companies US disliked the division of China into spheres of influence dominated by individual states

10. Boxer Rebellion 1900 Society of Harmonious fists “Boxers” practiced martial arts 1.Upset over foreign takeover 2.Roamed the countryside killing: – Foreigners – Missionaries – Chinese Christians Response – Allied armies responded by sending a combined military force Outcome – Chinese government was forced to pay for damages 10