Dog

The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris and Canis lupus dingo) is a domesticated form of the grey wold, a member of the Canidae family of the order Carnivora. The term is used for both feral and pet varieties. The dog may have been the first animal to be domesticated, and has been the most widely kept working, hunting, and companion animal in human history. The word "dog" may also mean the male of a canine species, as opposed to the word "bitch" for the female of the species.Canis lupus dingo Kingdom:Animalia Phylum:Chordata Class:Mammalia Order:Carnivora Family:Canidae Genus:Canis Species:C. lupus Subspecies: C. l. familiaris and C. l. dingo These are a carnivorous species which can adapt to a wide ranging diet such as meat but it can also include vegetables and grains. A number of common human foods and household ingestible are toxic to dogs, including chocolate (theobromine poisoning), onion and garlic (throsulphate, sulfoxide or disulfide poisoning), grapes and raisins, macadamia nuts, as well as various plants and other potentially ingested materials. Dogs were domesticated from gray wolves about 15,000 years ago. Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship, and, more recently, aiding handicapped individiuals. Over the 15,000 year span the dog had been domesticated, it diverged into only a handful of landraces, groups of similar animals whose morphology and behavior have been shaped by environmental factors and functional roles. Through selective breeding by humans, the dog has developed into hundreds of varied breeds, and shows more behavioral and morphological variation than any other land mammal. The typical lifespan of dogs varies widely among breeds, but for most the median longevity, the age at which half the dogs in a population have died and half are still alive, ranges from 10 to 13 years. Classification

Skeleton of a Dog 1.Maxilla 2.Mandible 3.Incisive bone 4.Frontal bone 5.Zygomatic arch 6.Parietal bone 7.Temporal bone 8.Occipital bone 9. Atlas 10. Axis 11. Cervical vertebrae 12. Thoracic vertebrae 13. Lumber vertebrae 14. Wing of Illium 15. Bod og ilium 16. Coccygeal vertebrae 17. Ishium 18. Femur 19. Tarsus 20. Metatarsal bones 21. Phalanges 22. Tibia 23. Ribs 24. Costal cartilages 25. Phalanges 26. Metacarpal bones 27. Humerus 28. Scapula 29. Radius 30. Ulna 31. Carpus

1.Nasal aperture 2. Infraorbital foramen 3. Maxially foramen 4. Fossa for lacrimal sac 5. Orbit 6. Zygomatic process of frontal bone 7. Zygomatic arch 8. External sagittal crest 9. Nuchal crest 10. External occipital protuberance 11. Cranium

1. Hard palate 2. Choanal region 3. Oval foramen 4. Base of cranium 5. Forament lacerum 6. Tympanic bulla 7. Jugular foramen 8. Paracondylar process 9. Hypoglossa canal 10. Occipital condyle 11. Foramen magnum

1. 1. Infraorbital foramen 2. Orbit 3. Zygomatic arch 4. Temporal fossa 5. Parietal bone 6. Nuchal crest 7. Nuchal surface Occipital condyle 9. Tympanic bulla 10.External acoustic meatus 11. Retroarticular foramen 12. Retroarticular process 13. Pterygopalatine fossa Canine skull

1. Nasal bone 2. Incisive bone 3. Maxilla 4. Zygomatic bone 5. Mandible Rostral view of a canine skull