PLEASE  switch off or silence your phone

 COURSE OBJECTIVES  1 To be able to define phrase  2 to identify different types of English phrase  3 To analyse different types of phrases

 A phrase is a sequence of words which functioned as a unit and which does not contain a subject or predicate structure  A phrase is a sequence of words that forms a sub part of a sentence.  Examples: i. I put it on the chair. ii. He arrived at supper time. iii. All the children went to the fair.

 A phrase is grammatical unit which is smaller than a clause  A phrase is cluster of word smaller than a clause forming a grammatical unit.  Clause is the largest grammatical unit smaller than a sentence  Sentence is the largest purely grammatical unit in a language  Sounds Words Phrase Clause Sentence Sentence

1. The tall man standing at the corner is my dearest friend. 2. He is dead. 3. When I opened the cracked glass door the electricity went off. No. 1,2, and 3 are all sentences The words in red make a phrase The words in green make a clause The words in white are also sentences

Question the definition  Were all the sentences larger than clause?  Was The Clause larger than the phrase?  Were the sentences larger than phrase in all cases? 1. The tall man standing at the corner is my dearest friend. 2. He is dead 3. When I opened the cracked glass door the electricity went off

 In linguistics technical terms are defined based on structure, function or both.  Some modern linguists extend the term phrase to a word which functions in the same way as, or can replace, a phrase.  A predicate consisting of one word is often called a verb phrase  Thus one word can be called a phrase!

Which is the most correct definition of phrase?  a phrase was defined as a sequence of words which functioned as a unit: and which did not contain a subject and a predicate structure  A phrase is grammatical unit which is smaller than a clause  A phrase is a sequence of words that forms a sub part of a sentence

 For our purpose we shall define phrase as a grammatical arrangement of words which function as a unit and with the exception of verb phrase, it self does not contain a finite verb.

 There are five types of phrases:- 1. Noun phrases: The man in the moon is a foolish myth. 2. Adjective phrases: She was very pleasant. 3. Verb phrases: We shall be arriving by train. 4. Preposition phrases: He is in big trouble. 5. Adverb phrases: I only set off last week.

REFERENCES :  Crystal, D (1995) The Cambridge encyclopaedia of the English Language. Cambridge. Italy  Harley, Heidi (2006) English word a linguistics introduction. Blackwell publishing: Australia  Todd, Loreto (1995) An Introduction to Linguistics. Longman: UK  Todd, Loreto and Hancock, Ian (2005) International English usage. Routledge: London