Alcohol A depressant drug found in wine, beer, and liquor. It can change the physical and emotional state.

Alcohol Effects on Body Irritation of mouth, throat, esophagus, and stomach. Nausea and vomiting Irritation of mouth, throat, esophagus, and stomach. Nausea and vomiting Blood vessels dilate so heart works harder Blood vessels dilate so heart works harder Lose body heat making the person feel warm and look flushed Lose body heat making the person feel warm and look flushed Makes liver work harder (can only break down 1 drink per hour) Makes liver work harder (can only break down 1 drink per hour) Can cause dehydration Can cause dehydration

Functioning Levels of the Brain 1. Intellectual Function Reasoning Standards Morals This keeps you from saying or doing the right things. Alcohol makes you less inhibited.

2. Emotional Function Emotions are in charge Laugh uncontrollably (cry, angry, act wild) Intellect controls emotion but not the intellect is depressed.

3. Motor Function Balance impaired Judgment impaired Alcohol has depressed the part of the brain that controls motor skills

4. Semi-voluntary Function We can consciously control these functions but so can the body. Alcohol depresses the body’s ability to control them. Swallow – drooling Blink – red eyes

5. Involuntary Functions These are functions that the body controls. Once alcohol has effected this level, the body is not capable of controlling these. Digestion Libido

6. Vital Functions Death will occur if these functions are depressed A period of unconsciousness or coma will occur as a body’s response. Respiratory Cardio

Short Term Effects Short Term Effects Nausea Nausea Vomiting Vomiting Dehydration Dehydration Loss of judgment and self-control Loss of judgment and self-control Reduced reaction time Reduced reaction time Poor vision Memory loss Blackout Coma Death

Long Term Effects Brain: shrunken brain, dead brain cells Brain: shrunken brain, dead brain cells Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach: bleeding, cancer Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach: bleeding, cancer Heart: Irregular heart beat, enlargement, anemia Heart: Irregular heart beat, enlargement, anemia Immune System: diminished function Immune System: diminished function Liver: Hepatitis, cirrhosis, cancer Liver: Hepatitis, cirrhosis, cancer Small Intestine: decreased ability to absorb vitamins Small Intestine: decreased ability to absorb vitamins

Alcohol Terms Blood Alcohol Content (BAC)-concentration of alcohol in a person’s blood. Blood Alcohol Content (BAC)-concentration of alcohol in a person’s blood. BAC of 0.08 – a person is legally impaired BAC of 0.08 – a person is legally impaired BAC of 0.02 – under 21 BAC of 0.02 – under 21 Binge Drinking-drinking 5 or more drinks in one sitting Binge Drinking-drinking 5 or more drinks in one sitting Alcohol Poisoning-8 or more in an hour causes areas of the brain that control breathing and heart rate to become dangerously depressed Alcohol Poisoning-8 or more in an hour causes areas of the brain that control breathing and heart rate to become dangerously depressed

Alcoholism A disease that causes a person to lose control of their drinking behavior. A disease that causes a person to lose control of their drinking behavior. Physically and emotionally addicted to alcohol. Physically and emotionally addicted to alcohol. Suffer physical symptoms when they do not have alcohol. Suffer physical symptoms when they do not have alcohol. Develops over time but no one knows exactly how long of time. Everyone is different. Develops over time but no one knows exactly how long of time. Everyone is different. Develops in stages. Develops in stages.

Stages Leading to Alcoholism Problem Drinking- drinker cannot drink alcohol in moderation or at appropriate times. Problem Drinking- drinker cannot drink alcohol in moderation or at appropriate times. Tolerance- Drinker needs more alcohol to produce the same effect. Tolerance- Drinker needs more alcohol to produce the same effect. Dependence- Drinker’s body needs alcohol to function normally. Dependence- Drinker’s body needs alcohol to function normally. Alcoholism- Drinker has lost control of his drinking behavior. Alcoholism- Drinker has lost control of his drinking behavior.

Risk Factors for Alcoholism AGE-Teens that begin drinking early are more likely to develop alcoholism AGE-Teens that begin drinking early are more likely to develop alcoholism SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT-Hanging out with friends that drink may influence a person to drink. SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT-Hanging out with friends that drink may influence a person to drink. GENETICS-Alcoholism tends to run in families GENETICS-Alcoholism tends to run in families RISK-TAKING PERSONALITY-People that are impulsive are at greater risk for alcoholism RISK-TAKING PERSONALITY-People that are impulsive are at greater risk for alcoholism

Warning Signs of Alcoholism Drinking to deal with anger, frustration, disappointment Drinking to deal with anger, frustration, disappointment Changing friends, personal habits, interests Changing friends, personal habits, interests Being defensive about drinking Being defensive about drinking Feeling depressed Feeling depressed Drinking more for the same high Drinking alone Drinking to get drunk Experiencing memory lapses as a result of drinking alcohol

Alcoholism Affects the Family Guilty feelings Guilty feelings Unpredictable behavior Unpredictable behavior Violence Violence Neglect and isolation Neglect and isolation Protecting the alcoholic Protecting the alcoholic Ignoring one’s own needs Ignoring one’s own needs

Alcoholism Affects Society ACCIDENTS THAT KILL ACCIDENTS THAT KILL MURDER MURDER FAMILY VIOLENCE, ABUSE, RAPE FAMILY VIOLENCE, ABUSE, RAPE MORE SICKNESS (like tobacco) MORE SICKNESS (like tobacco) TREATING ALCOHOL ABUSE TREATING ALCOHOL ABUSE

Alcoholism Treatment Alcoholism is as disease that can be treated Alcoholism is as disease that can be treated Hardest part is overcoming withdrawal from alcohol: extreme nervousness, headaches, chills, nausea, seizures, uncontrollable shakes. Hardest part is overcoming withdrawal from alcohol: extreme nervousness, headaches, chills, nausea, seizures, uncontrollable shakes. Inpatient; outpatient treatments Inpatient; outpatient treatments AA involves 12 step recovery AA involves 12 step recovery Al-Anon and Alateen- programs providing treatment and support to the families of alcoholics Al-Anon and Alateen- programs providing treatment and support to the families of alcoholics

Teens and Alcohol No. 1 cause of death among teens is motor vehicle accidents; most of which are alcohol related. No. 1 cause of death among teens is motor vehicle accidents; most of which are alcohol related. All driving skills are impaired by alcohol All driving skills are impaired by alcohol Slows reaction time Slows reaction time Affects your vision Affects your vision Makes you drowsy Makes you drowsy Reduces your coordination Reduces your coordination Affects your judgment Affects your judgment

Teens and Alcohol The law: illegal to drink under age 21 The law: illegal to drink under age 21 Get home safe and sober: Get home safe and sober: Don’t drink Don’t drink Plan ahead; DD Plan ahead; DD Parent’s pick-up Parent’s pick-up Call a cab Call a cab