The Beginning of the U.S. And it’s all because of the Constitution! v=oT7dMHAiCfs

Washington, the President when Washington took Office, new country in debt (bc of American Rev. War) John Adams = Vice President Created a Cabinet (a group of advisors) of men he knew and trusted hired Hamilton as Secretary of Treasury to get us out of debt outube.com/ watch?v=A3 8mW2Il48k

Hamilton’s Financial Plan pay of all war debts raise govt. revenue (money) through taxes and tariffs (taxes on imported goods) create a national bank to give govt. a safe place to keep its $$$ VERY CONTROVERSIAL!!!

Alexander Hamilton E Sec. of Treasury (Washington’s cabinet) Federalist Party – believed in a strong fed. govt. govt. must encourage business & industry Nation’s capitol: Washington D.C.

Thomas Jefferson Sec. of State (Washington’s cabinet) Democratic Republicans Disagreed with Hamilton about his bank, industry, and the Federalist Party (hated him soooo much, he quit his job) and created a new political party –focusing on agrarian economy & state rights James Madison agreed with him

Farewell Address Avoid Political Parties!!! He warned they could seriously weaken the unity of America… do you agree? He pushed for neutrality (becoming an unpopular idea) between war in France & Great Britain… in the end, did not serve a 3 rd term as president John Adams becomes the next U.S. President (with two political parties leading the way)

John Adams Famous leader, cousin of Sam, fighting for independence in Massachusetts, American representative in Europe (negotiating peace) President after Washington (he was the 1 st VP) Ran again in next election, but lost to Jefferson v=B0PE_kC-3EY

Federalists vs. Anti- federalists Federalists = wanted strong national govt. Anti-federalists = feared strong central govt. and wanted to ensure people’s rights Political parties develop because… of disagreements on the role of govt.

U.S. Supreme Court

Marbury vs. Madison Marbury (a Federalist), a hopeful Justice of the Peace judge petitioned to Supreme Court because Jefferson’s sec. of state, Madison, (both DRs) withheld his commission… dirty trick Supreme Court denied Marbury’s petition because his claim was unconstitutional judicial review: power of a court to review actions on whether or not it is constitutional youtube.co m/watch?v =3TVkeR UvX_U

John Marshall Marshall:– sec. of state under Adams & chief justice of Supreme Court Marshall declared Supreme Court had judicial review power & the power of federalism (aka enumerated powers) Supreme Court became a co-equal branch of govt. & preserved Federalists’ views

Checks & Balances 3 branches (separate but equal) –legislative: makes laws –executive: enforces laws –judicial: interprets laws & judicial review

SUMMARY QUIZ TIME

1. Which president created the Cabinet (a group of advisors)? –A. John Adams –B. Alexander Hamilton –C. George Washington –D. Thomas Jefferson

2. Which framer created a national bank to pay off all war debts? –A. John Adams –B. Alexander Hamilton –C. George Washington –D. Thomas Jefferson

3. Which future president creates the first political party – coined the Democratic Republicans – who strongly believed in anti- federalism? –A. John Adams –B. Alexander Hamilton –C. George Washington –D. Thomas Jefferson

4. The court case of Marbury vs. Madison established what precedent? –A. Checks and balances –B. Separation of powers –C. Judicial review –D. Anti-federalism

5. Which individual gave the Supreme Court the power of judicial review? –A. John Jay –B. John Roberts –C. John Adams –D. John Marshall