1. 9.1 Washington’s Presidency

2. George Washington 1 st Presidential Election November 1788 1 st Presidential Election November 1788 Washington was inaugurated as President on April 30, 1789. Washington was inaugurated as President on April 30, 1789. John Adams came in 2 nd and was the 1 st Vice President. John Adams came in 2 nd and was the 1 st Vice President. Every action Washington took as President would set precedent for future Presidents and administrations to follow. Every action Washington took as President would set precedent for future Presidents and administrations to follow. Chose the title of Mr. President. Chose the title of Mr. President.

3. Federal Judiciary Act of 1789 The Federal court system The Federal court system The details of the Supreme Court The details of the Supreme Court A six member Supreme Court A six member Supreme Court 1 Chief Justice John Jay 5 associate Justices 1 Chief Justice John Jay 5 associate Justices Today 9 Justices Today 9 Justices The law also provide for less powerful federal courts. The law also provide for less powerful federal courts.

4. Washington’s Cabinet Congress has the power to Create the Departments that became Washington’s cabinet. Congress has the power to Create the Departments that became Washington’s cabinet. Washington had the power to appoint people to head those departments Washington had the power to appoint people to head those departments Purpose: To advise Washington (President) on Official matters. Purpose: To advise Washington (President) on Official matters. State Department – Foreign Affairs – Thomas Jefferson State Department – Foreign Affairs – Thomas Jefferson War Department – National Defense (Today the Defense Department – Henry Knox War Department – National Defense (Today the Defense Department – Henry Knox Treasury Department – Finances Manages Government’s Money – Alexander Hamilton Treasury Department – Finances Manages Government’s Money – Alexander Hamilton Attorney General – Eventually led to the creation of the Justice Department – Edmond Randolph Attorney General – Eventually led to the creation of the Justice Department – Edmond Randolph Today President has a White House Counsel (Attorney) Today President has a White House Counsel (Attorney) Not an official part of the Cabinet: Postal Service became part of the Cabinet in 1829 and later was dropped – 1 st Samuel Osgood Not an official part of the Cabinet: Postal Service became part of the Cabinet in 1829 and later was dropped – 1 st Samuel Osgood

5. Financial Problems The nation faced War debts to foreign countries – France, Spain, The Netherlands The nation faced War debts to foreign countries – France, Spain, The Netherlands Debts to private citizens Debts to private citizens Soldiers had received bonds Soldiers had received bonds By 1789 it was more than $52 million By 1789 it was more than $52 million

6. Alexander Hamilton’s financial (economic) policies? Hamilton believed in a strong central Government. He believed that it should support manufacturing and Trade. Hamilton believed in a strong central Government. He believed that it should support manufacturing and Trade. Paying off all war debts. Paying off all war debts. Constitution says we have to Article 6 Section 1 Constitution says we have to Article 6 Section 1 Raising government revenues. Raising government revenues. Hamilton supported the use of Tariffs Hamilton supported the use of Tariffs Creating a national bank Creating a national bank To Loan Money and to keep the Countries Revenue To Loan Money and to keep the Countries Revenue

7. Hamilton proposed that the federal government raise money through Tariffs, (taxes on imported goods) Tariffs, (taxes on imported goods) Tariffs serve two purposes; Tariffs serve two purposes; Raising money for the government. Raising money for the government. Encouraging the growth of national business Encouraging the growth of national business These made goods made in the US more comparable in price making it more likely a person would buy US merchandise These made goods made in the US more comparable in price making it more likely a person would buy US merchandise Hamilton also called for the creation of a national bank. Hamilton also called for the creation of a national bank. It would give the government a safe place to keep money. It would give the government a safe place to keep money. It would also make loans to businesses and government. It would also make loans to businesses and government. It would issue bank notes (currency) It would issue bank notes (currency) No place in the Constitution called for a National Bank but the Elastic Clause was used to create it. No place in the Constitution called for a National Bank but the Elastic Clause was used to create it.

8. Hamilton and Jefferson interpret the Constitution Differently creating Political Parties or Factions Political Parties or Factions Hamilton – Federalists – Hamilton – Federalists – loose interpretation of the Constitution loose interpretation of the Constitution meaning more Federal Powers meaning more Federal Powers Jefferson – Democratic Republicans Jefferson – Democratic Republicans Strict interpretation of the Constitution Strict interpretation of the Constitution Meaning The Federal Government has more limited powers Meaning The Federal Government has more limited powers