Creating & Ratifying the Constitution Chapter 3 Sec. 2

Section 2 Vocabulary Legislative Branch Executive Branch Judicial Branch Great Compromise Three-Fifths Compromise Electoral College Federalists Federalism Anti-Federalists

Two opposing plans The Virginia Plan Designed by James Madison Called for three branches of government Legislative Branch- creates laws Executive Branch- carries out laws Judicial Branch- interprets laws Called for the legislative branch to have two houses, with the states represented by population in each Favored larger states

Two opposing plans The New Jersey Plan Called for the same three branches of government Called for the legislative branch to have one house where each state would have equal representation This plan favored smaller states

Constitutional Compromises The Great Compromise In order to satisfy the wishes of both large and small states, Roger Sherman proposed a compromise Called for a two house legislature Senate- each state would have equal representation. Two Senators per state House of Representatives- each state would have representation based on population

Constitutional Compromises Debate over slaves Southern states wanted slaves to be counted as part of their population This would give them more representation in Congress Northern states opposed this The two sides were able to come to a compromise The Three-Fifths Compromise would count 3 out of 5 slaves as part of the Southern population

Constitutional Compromises Delegates disagreed on whether Congress or the voters should choose the president Their solution was the Electoral College A group of people named by the state legislature to select a president and vice president Today the popular vote determines who wins each states electoral vote. Electoral number is determined by number of each states representatives plus 2 senators

Approving the Constitution Ratification, or approval required 9 of the 13 states to vote “yes” Supporters of the constitution called themselves Federalists to emphasize that the Constitution would create a system of federalism, a form of government in which power is divided between the national and state governments Anti-Federalists opposed the new constitution. They wanted a bill of rights to be added. Both sides agreed to add a bill of rights, and this allowed the needed 9 votes. Thus the new Constitution took effect