TECHNOLOGY

When did Technology Begin Technological time line on pages 494 – 497 Technological time line on pages 494 – 497 People used fire for cooking meat and protection from wild animals People used fire for cooking meat and protection from wild animals Needles were made from splinters of bone Needles were made from splinters of bone The plow was developed in Egypt The plow was developed in Egypt People found ways to make linen cloth, oil lamp, vehicles, irrigation and sewage systems People found ways to make linen cloth, oil lamp, vehicles, irrigation and sewage systems They started using water wheel to grind grain They started using water wheel to grind grain Water wheel was also used in pumping water, making cloth, and smelting iron Water wheel was also used in pumping water, making cloth, and smelting iron The kinds of tools used in different time classify historical periods The kinds of tools used in different time classify historical periods

When did Technology Begin  Stone Age 1,000,000 BC – 3000 BC 1,000,000 BC – 3000 BC Stone was used for many tools. Other materials used were bones and wood Stone was used for many tools. Other materials used were bones and wood The earliest known canoe was made about 6500 BC The earliest known canoe was made about 6500 BC  Bronze Age 3000 BC – 1200 BC 3000 BC – 1200 BC People made tools and weapons from bronze, a mixture of copper and tin. People made tools and weapons from bronze, a mixture of copper and tin. Copper could be heated with charcoal to yield pure copper Copper could be heated with charcoal to yield pure copper

When did Technology Begin  Iron Age Began around 1200 BC in Egypt Began around 1200 BC in Egypt Smelting --- the process of making iron from ore Smelting --- the process of making iron from ore Iron smelting furnace was a clay-lined hole in the ground Iron smelting furnace was a clay-lined hole in the ground Red hot spongy mass was hammered into shape Red hot spongy mass was hammered into shape Fe

Industrial Revolution Industrial revolution and the factory system of work spread through the Western world in around 1750 AD Industrial revolution and the factory system of work spread through the Western world in around 1750 AD Before then, craftspeople used their own tools and workshops to make things ---- they started working in factories Before then, craftspeople used their own tools and workshops to make things ---- they started working in factories Products could be made faster and cheaper with machines Products could be made faster and cheaper with machines Richard Arkwright is the “inventor of the factory system” Richard Arkwright is the “inventor of the factory system” His first manufacturing system changed raw cotton into thread His first manufacturing system changed raw cotton into thread Henry Ford is the “father of mass production” and first used assembly line on a large scale Henry Ford is the “father of mass production” and first used assembly line on a large scale

Changes Caused by Industrial Revolution Industrial revolution brought both social and technological change. Industrial revolution brought both social and technological change. Trade unions Trade unions Laws on working hours, wages, etc. Laws on working hours, wages, etc. Schools Schools Patent laws Patent laws Transportation Transportation Communication Communication

Exponential Change Exponential rate of change --- change that happens at a faster and faster rate Exponential rate of change --- change that happens at a faster and faster rate Linear rate of change --- change that remains fixed Linear rate of change --- change that remains fixed Example of cassettes on page 16 Example of cassettes on page 16

Exponential change What is exponential change? If you buy 2 books every month, how many books you would have after 6 months? If you buy 2 books in the first month, and you double the amount of books you buy each next month, have, how many books you would have after 6 months? Amount you buy: 2 – 4 – 8 – 16 – Amount you have: 2 – 6 – 14 – 30 –  6=12

Technology Time Line Fire, Stone Tools AGRICULTURE BEGINS THE BRONZE AGE THE IRON AGE PAPER MAKING NEWON’S LAWS ELECTRICITY STEAM ENGIN AIRPLANES TV SPACE TRAVEL COMPUTERS 1m BC 8000 BC1200 BC INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION TELEPHONE 1281 A.D.1800 A.D.NOW

Technological Eras  Agricultural Era Most people lived off the land and were farmers Most people lived off the land and were farmers Tools and discoveries had to do with harvesting crops Tools and discoveries had to do with harvesting crops They used muscle power to do jobs They used muscle power to do jobs  Industrial Era Began with industrial revolution Began with industrial revolution Many new machines were invented Many new machines were invented Many people were employed in factories Many people were employed in factories Machines replaced human and animal muscle power --- use of steam and electricity Machines replaced human and animal muscle power --- use of steam and electricity  Information Age Inventions are based on electronics and computers Inventions are based on electronics and computers

Industrial Era Agricultural Era Information Age 8000 B.C Percentage of Work Force

Technological Literacy Technologically literate --- to understand how technology affects us, how processes work Technologically literate --- to understand how technology affects us, how processes work One can make decisions on the basis of this literacy– Informed decisions vs. Blind decisions One can make decisions on the basis of this literacy– Informed decisions vs. Blind decisions