1. Introduction to Agribusiness IAFNR Agribusiness ModuleIAFNR Agribusiness Module

2. What is Agribusiness? Definition: Definition: an industry engaged in the producing operations of a farm, the manufacture and distribution of farm equipment and supplies, and the processing, storage, and distribution of farm commodities an industry engaged in the producing operations of a farm, the manufacture and distribution of farm equipment and supplies, and the processing, storage, and distribution of farm commodities Something of value that is bought or sold Do you have any examples or ideas? What is a commodity?

3. Ag Economics Vs. Agribusiness Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness do work hand in hand, but are very different Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness do work hand in hand, but are very different Agricultural Economics refers to monetary and physical factors that affect agribusiness and includes: Agricultural Economics refers to monetary and physical factors that affect agribusiness and includes: Community and rural development Community and rural development International trade International trade Natural resource and environmental economics Natural resource and environmental economics Risk and uncertainty Risk and uncertainty Analysis of markets and competition Analysis of markets and competition

4. The Big Picture of Agribusiness Agricultural Industry Agribusiness Input Agribusiness Output Farmers Feed, Seed, Research, Science, Education, Farm Equipment… Marketing, Processed Food, Beverages, Grocery Stores… Dairy, Livestock, Crops, Fruits and Vegetables…

5. How Agribusiness Affects Us? Remember the Life Cycle of a Cheeseburger? Remember the Life Cycle of a Cheeseburger?

6. History of Agriculture Before AgricultureBefore Agriculture Early humans traveled all over in search of food. This included gathering plants and Hunting animals they came in contact with. They are given the name Hunter-Gatherers for this reason. Early humans traveled all over in search of food. This included gathering plants and Hunting animals they came in contact with. They are given the name Hunter-Gatherers for this reason. Short life expectancy because of risk and poor health Short life expectancy because of risk and poor health Ability to fish and cook with fire Ability to fish and cook with fire

7. History of Agriculture Early Agricultural DevelopmentEarly Agricultural Development Humans eventually learned how to Humans eventually learned how to Plant and harvest crops Plant and harvest crops Domesticate animals Domesticate animals As time went on Humans improved and perfected farming and Agriculture

8. How does production agriculture allow people to live in cities? Image Retrieved from: http://www.indiana.edu/~semhome/2013/ Image retrieved from: http://www.landreport.com/2011/02/indiana-farmland- skyrockets/

9. History of Agriculture The Bronze Age (around 3,000 B.C.) The Iron Age (1000 B.C.) The Iron Age (1000 B.C.) The Middle Ages (A.D. 400-1500) The Middle Ages (A.D. 400-1500) Bronze tools made farming easier and faster Irrigation using rivers Transportation with invention of wheel Increase in population Iron Tools Use of Money and Trade Use of Fallow Use of Crop Rotation Harness for plowing with Horses Selective breeding of livestock Soil conservation efforts Know What Happens Next??

10. Evolution of American Agriculture Near the end of the Middle Ages, the Americas were discovered and explored! https://walmartethics.com/Landing.aspx

11. The Evolution of Farming and Agribusiness of America Early American AgricultureEarly American Agriculture Economic growth from exporting and trading of tobacco, rice, and indigo Economic growth from exporting and trading of tobacco, rice, and indigo Invention of more farm implements Invention of more farm implements Development of organic fertilizer Development of organic fertilizer Use of experimental farms Use of experimental farms Experimenting with seeds Experimenting with seeds http://galleryhip.com/virginia-colony-tobacco-farm.html

12. The Evolution of Farming and Agribusiness of America Post American RevolutionPost American Revolution Increase population and spread across country Increase population and spread across country Surveying of land to define property Surveying of land to define property Invention of the Cotton Gin by Eli Whitney Invention of the Cotton Gin by Eli Whitney First one-piece, cast-iron plow invented by Jethro Wood First one-piece, cast-iron plow invented by Jethro Wood

13. The Evolution of Farming and Agribusiness of America Large movement from farms to cities Shift from animal power to mechanical power Henry Ford developed the car Advances in Livestock breeding Seed and Plant genetics by Gregor Mendel And much more! Agriculture success led to Farm research and development U.S. government established the Bureau of Forestry Panama Canal opened Smith-Hughes Act Cooperative Extension Service established SCS, FFA, and 4-H established Advances in areas of production, marketing, and ag mechanics New technology increased productivity Farmers began to use electric fences Chemical fertilizers and pesticides Biotechnology Industrial Revolution (19 th Century) Industrial Revolution (19 th Century) First Half of 20 th Century First Half of 20 th Century Last Half of 20 th Century Last Half of 20 th Century

14. Near the end of 1800’s the fuel of farm equipment progressed from Manpower to Horsepower Image retrieved from http://www.nmni.com/uftm/collections/agriculture

15. The Steam Era (1850-1900) More than 70,000 steam engines were produced for farm use Image retrieved from: https://www.flickr.com/photos/isuspecialcollections/7456042410/

16. Farm TractorsFarm Tractors “The Fordson” Image retrieved from: http://www.antiquefarming.com/fordtractor.html After the steam engine, tractors came into production using gas fuel. World War I increased tractor sales in order to export more to Europe. While WWII and the depression decreased sales and left only a few companies in tractor sales.

17. Modern Farm Equipment Image retrieved from: http://www.deere.com/Tractors/ Tractors now operate with hydraulic lifts, power steering, and turbochargers!

18. The Success of Agribusiness “The American Farmer can now supply enough food and fiber for more than 150 people.” (Ricketts, 2009, p. 17) “US agribusiness supplies each citizen with close to 1,500 pounds of food annually while still producing exports.” (Ricketts, 2009, p. 18) Agriculture has come a long way…

19. References Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary (2014). Agribusiness. Retrieved from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/agribusiness http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/agribusiness Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary (2014). Commodity. Retrieved from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/commodity http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/commodity Ricketts, C., & Ricketts, K. (2009). Agribusiness Fundamentals & Applications. New York: Delmar Cengage Learning.