- A subscriber on switch A places a call to a subscriber on switch B - Switch A analyzes the dialed digits and determines that it needs to send.

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Presentation transcript:

- A subscriber on switch A places a call to a subscriber on switch B - Switch A analyzes the dialed digits and determines that it needs to send the call to switch B - Switch A selects an idle trunk between itself and switch B and formulates an initial address message (IAM) which is the basic message necessary to initiate a call - IAM is addressed to switch B - IAM identifies the initiating switch (switch A), the destination switch (switch B), the trunk selected, the calling and called numbers and some other information

- Switch A picks one of its A links (e.g., AW) and transmits the message over the link for routing to switch B. - STP W receives a message, inspects its routing label, and determines that it is to be routed to switch B. It transmits the message on link BW. - Switch B receives the message. On analyzing the message, it determines that it serves the called number and that the called number is idle. - Switch B formulates an address complete message (ACM), which indicates that the IAM has reached its proper destination. The message identifies the recipient switch (A), the sending switch (B), and the selected trunk. - Switch B picks one of its A links (e.g., BX) and transmits the ACM over the link for routing to switch A.

- At the same time, Switch B completes the call path in the backwards direction (towards switch A), sends a ringing tone over that trunk towards switch A, and rings the line of the called subscriber. - STP X receives the address complete message (ACM), inspects its routing label, and determines that it is to be routed to switch A. It transmits the message on link AX - On receiving the ACM, switch A connects the calling subscriber line to the selected trunk in the backwards direction so that the caller can hear the ringing sent by switch B - When the called subscriber picks up the phone, switch B formulates an answer message (ANM), identifying the intended recipient switch (A), the sending switch (B), and the selected trunk

- Switch B selects the same A link it used to transmit the ACM (link BX) and sends the ANM - By this time, the trunk also must be connected to the called line in both directions (to allow conversation) - STP X recognizes that the ANM is addressed to switch A and forwards it over link AX - Switch A ensures that the calling subscriber is connected to the outgoing trunk (in both directions) and that conversation can take place

- If the calling subscriber hangs up first (following the conversation), switch A will generate a release message (REL) addressed to switch B, identifying the trunk associated with the call. Switch A sends the message on link AW - STP W receives the REL, determines that it is addressed to switch B, and forwards it using link WB - Switch B receives the REL, disconnects the trunk from the subscriber line, returns the trunk to idle status, generates a release complete message (RLC) addressed back to switch A, and transmits it on link BX. The RLC identifies the trunk used to carry the call - STP X receives the RLC, determines that it is addressed to switch A, and forwards it over link AX. - On receiving the RLC, switch A idles the identified trunk.

- A subscriber served by switch A wants to reach a service provided by lines starting with 800 (e.g. reserve a rental car) - The subscriber dials the company's advertised 800 number - When the subscriber has finished dialing, switch A recognizes that this is an 800 call and that it requires assistance to handle it properly - Switch A formulates an 800 query message including the calling and called number and forwards it to either of its STPs (e.g., X) over its A link to that STP (AX) - STP X determines that the received query is an 800 query and selects a database suitable to respond to the query (e.g., M) - STP X forwards the query to SCP M over the appropriate A link (MX)

- SCP M receives the query, extracts the passed information and (based on its stored records) selects either a real telephone number or a network (or both) to which the call should be routed - SCP M formulates a response message with the information necessary to properly process the call, addresses it to switch A, picks an STP and an A link to use (e.g., MW), and routes the response - STP W receives the response message, recognizes that it is addressed to switch A, and routes it to A over AW - Switch A receives the response and uses the information to determine where the call should be routed - Switch A then picks a trunk to that destination, generates an initial address message (IAM) and proceeds (as it did in the previous example) to set up the call.