RFID in Indoor Location Sensing Sucharitha Saibaba Divya Gopinathan

OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT To understand the working of RFID system. Program the RFID module using PSoC Designer software. To read and write data to the tags. To distinguish between multiple tags when simultaneously present in the field. To demonstrate a practical application of the RFID technology like a small scale Library Management system.

RFIdRadio Frequency Identification The only truly automatic AIDC technology Provides non-contact, non-line-of-sight operation Can be read-only, WORM (write once, read many) or read/write Very difficult to counterfeit Capable of working in harsh environments Highly capable and proven technology for a wide range of applications What is RFID?

What Constitutes an RFID System? One or more RF tags Two or more antennas One or more interrogators One or more host computers Appropriate software

How Does RFID Work? Reader Antenna Reader broadcasts signal through antenna Transponder Transponder receives signal Computer System Reader sends info/data to computer system for logging and processing Transponder is charged with enough energy to send back an identifying response

RFID Tag Attributes Active RFIDPassive RFID Tag Power SourceInternal to tagEnergy transferred using RF from reader Tag BatteryYesNo Required signal strength Very LowVery High RangeUp to 100mUp to 3-5m, usually less Multi-tag reading1000’s of tags recognized – up to 100mph Few hundred within 3m of reader Data StorageUp to 128 Kb or read/ write & search 128 bytes of read/write

RFID Technical Design Considerations –Operating Frequency Available Frequency Bands RF Signal Propagation (range, reflections, and material transmittance) Interference –Communication Signal Interrogation Signal with request commands and control Response Signal with unique identification and data –Tag Design Passive or Active Power Antenna Design and Performance Integrated Circuit Design –Reader and Reader Antenna –Networking Requirements

How far? How fast? ….....

RFID Programmer SM2005-B5

Main Components of the Project Cypress PSoC (programmable System-on-Chip) microcontroller. This microcontroller comes programmed with a Manchester RF 32/64 signal demodulator and decoder. The ChipModule has nine general purpose IO pins and about 4KB of flash memory that can be filled with custom built code. The custom code was written using PSOC Designer. Loading code is done through RS232C serial interface.

SMRFID GUI

Programming the Microcontroller

Objectives Achieved The communication is established between the microcontroller on the chip module and PC. The individual tags are written into and read. Distinguish each tag from one another when multiple tags are present in the RF field.

Future Scope How this idea can be extended to a real time location system? The RFID readers can be embedded into the environment and the RFID tags carried by each user inform the system of the current location of that user. RFID tags are embedded into the environment while users carry RFID readers.

References wwwx.cs.unc.edu/~sparkst/mobile/rfid/RFID Blewett,Amin,et al.,”A Simple RF System for Asset Tracking Within Buildings”, IEE,1999

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