1. Bengt Oelmann Mitthögskolan, ITE
RF-ID at ITE
Bengt Oelmann
Mitthögskolan, ITE

2. Outline
RF-ID technology overview
RF-ID project at ITE

3. RF-ID Motivation
Increasing degree of automation in the production process requires increasing demand on automatic identification
Automatic ID systems
Barcode
RF-ID technology

4. (cont) RF-ID Motivation
RF-ID technology - a key technology
It works without direct contact to the object
There is no need for a direct line of sight
Data can be stored on the object
A simultaneous identification of various objects in a reading field is possible

5. Electronic Identification Methods
Automatic ID Systems grouped by physical medium
Magnetic stripes
Barcode
RF-ID
RF-ID divided into groups by
The frequency band they are using
The power supply technique they are using
RF-ID is the only technology that can exchange data in two directions

6. Basic RF-ID function RF-ID System RF Control Signal processing
Transponder antenna
Reader/writer unit
Transponder chip
R/W antenna
RF-ID System
Transponder: repeats the received signal with encoded information (e.g ID of transponder)
Reader/writer unit: Sends a activation signal and analyses the response

7. Transponder types Transponder ferrite rod air coil
encapsulated in glass
flexible material

8. Smart labels Smart labels new development (started 3-4 years ago)
air coil type
laminated into flexible materials (like paper or foils)
inexpensive transponder type
Available from a few producers

9. Application Specific Capabilities
Important criteria for transponder design
Frequency band
Energy supply
Transmission protocol
Read/write capability
data capacity
anti-collision capability (multiple access)

10. Frequency Governmental regulations limits Available frequency bands
frequency bands that can be used
emission power
Available frequency bands
kHz
MHz
2.45 GHz
5.8 GHz

11. (cont) Frequency Selecting frequency band reflection on surfaces
absorption in materials
energy demands
size of electronic parts and antenna
speed of data transmission

12. Energy supply Transponder Active Passive
Has its own power supply (battery)
Sends data over several meters
Limited life-time
Without power supply
Energy through induction
Transmission length about 1 m
live forever

13. Technical features - overview

14. Technical requirements on passive RF-ID for different applications

15. Factors for frequency choice
Dimension of antenna
Data transmission speed
Energy demand
Surface reflection
Penetration through water
Increase of impact
Low frequency
kHz
High frequency
MHz
Ultra high frequency
GHz

16. Development steps of RF-ID
Wild animals,
Military applications
Agriculture,
Animals
Pets
Industrial applications in closed systems
Industrial applications in open systems
Application
re-use transponder
logistics
vehicle ID
Person ID
single-use transponder
logistics
tickets
parcels
luggage
Radio devices
Neck collar
transponders
Size
Smart labels
Plastic transponders
Injectable glass
transponders
Glass transponders
1990
1995
2000
Time

17. RF-ID project at ITE
RF-ID Project
RF-ID technology
RF-ID applications

18. RF-ID Applications RF-ID applications Overview Demonstrator
Goal: get an overview of the area
Deliverable: Report
Resources: -
Goal: demonstrate applications of RF-ID using commercially available HW and Windows application programs developed at ITE
Deliverable: Working demonstrator
Resources: Bengt Oelmann, Richard Johansson

19. RF-ID Technology RF-ID technology Radio system Low power electronics
Material technology

20. Radio system Radio system Deals with problems related to: system model
selection of frequency bands
antennas
power requirement
multiple access
error control
specification of radio electronics
Goal: determine system model for the design and specify the key design parameters
Deliverable: Reports (MSc. Thesis)
Resources: Youshi Xu,
Bengt Oelmann,
Johan Sidén,
Peter Jonsson

21. Low Power Electronics Low Power Electronics
Deals with problems related to:
Digital electronics
Analog (RF) electronics
Antenna interfaces
Power supply
Goal: Find circuit solutions for transponder design.
Deliverable:Lab. Report on low-power digital design technique for digital logic.
Resources:
Bengt Oelmann,
Håkan Norell

22. Material technology Material technology
Deals with problems related to:
IC technology
Assembly: antenna-to-IC, transponder-to-paper

23. Approach for research RF-ID system Radio system Material technology
System optimization
IC process
Assembly techniques
Design model
Requirements on circuits
Requirements on technology

24. Working model
COMPLEX!
SCANNER
read/write unit
simple
RFID-tag