Everyday Memory  How well do we remember our lives?  Do we have photographic memory for emotional events?  In what ways can our memories be wrong?

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Presentation transcript:

Everyday Memory  How well do we remember our lives?  Do we have photographic memory for emotional events?  In what ways can our memories be wrong?  What can help us remember things we are supposed to do?

Autobiographical Memory  Episodic memory for events in our lives  Reminiscence bump (Conway, 1996) l Better memory for periods of rapid change followed by stability l Reminiscence bump shifts depending on age of immigration (Schrauf & Rubin, 1998)

Schrauf & Rubin, 1998

Flashbulb Memory  Do you have a picture in memory of: l September 11 th, 2001? l your high school graduation? l your first date?  Vivid and detailed, involves emotion  Link between memory and emotion (amygdala)

Are Flashbulb Memories More Accurate?  may be influenced by other events  no more accurate than other long-term memories

Malleability of LTM  Influenced by cultural background (Bartlett, 1932)  Misinformation Effect (Loftus, 1975)  Source misattribution (Jacoby et al., 1989 – famous names experiment)

Construction in LTM  Memory for inferences (Bransford & Johnson, 1973)  Influence of schemas and scripts (Bower et al., 1979)

Biases in LTM  Egocentric Bias (Sanitioso et al., 1990)  Consistency Bias (Marcus, 1986)  Positive-Change Bias (Sprecher, 1999)

LTM and the Real World  Eyewitness Identification  Recovered Memories

Prospective Memory  Remembering to do things at a future time  Prospective memory can be improved by the use of: l Focal cues - relate specifically to the target l Unfamiliar cues l Implementation intentions that specify the context for the target

Evolutionary Psychology  Why do we remember false information?