The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

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Presentation transcript:

The Chemistry Of Dirt

What is Dirt Made OF?

So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you asked That question – But you need to hear a story first!!!!

A Story About Earnest Rutherford in 1898 Who used a led box with a radioactive compound in it to unveil the makeup of the atom.

Atomic number The number of protons and electrons in an atom

Atomic Mass The number of protons + Neutrons in an atom

Isotope Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Counting Electrons Total Electrons and Valence Electrons Valence Electrons – number of electrons in the outer shell of an atom The valence Electrons are the only ones used in Bonding Hey, ….. That number matches the group number on my periodic table in a way!!!!

Valence Electrons 1 valence e- 2 valence e- 3 valence e- 4 valence e-5 valence e- 6 valence e- 7 valence e- 8 valence e-

Ionic Bond bond formed by the giving or taking of electrons

Properties of Ionic Compounds Formed from a metal and a non metal Most are soluble in water Form crystalline lattices

Covalent Bond bond formed by the Sharing of electrons

Properties of Covalent Compounds Formed by two nonmetals Solubility varies The strongest bond

Polar Covalent Bond Bond formed with the unequal sharing of electrons due to one atom being more electronegative Electrongeativity -The attraction an atom has for a pair of shared electrons S+ S-

More Electronegative

Metallic Bond A bond between metal atoms that allows electrons to freely flow throughout the material

Relationship Between Bonds