Ecology Review

Habitat Residence (Where they live) Ex. Bird -Nest in tree

Niche Occupation (What they do) Ex. Bird -Build nests, gather food for chicks, protect eggs, etc.

Biotic or Abiotic? Plants growing in a field. -Biotic Climate of an ecosystem. -Abiotic Decomposing plant matter. -Biotic Rocks in the soil. -Abiotic

A __________causes a population to decrease in size. - Limiting Factors -examples: -climate -water -habitat -predation -pollution

Population A group of organisms of the same species

Biotic Only Biotic only? Or Both Biotic and Abiotic Populations A group of organisms of the same species

Community Populations living together in same area

Biotic Only Biotic only? Or Both Biotic and Abiotic Communities Populations living together in same area

Ecosystem Communities, plus the abiotic factors, living together in same area

Biotic and Abiotic! Biotic only? Or Both Biotic and Abiotic Ecosystem Communities, plus the abiotic factors, living together in same area

Biosphere All of the ecosystems on the planet combined

Symbiosis “Living Together” A close relationship between 2 or more species

Mutualism The cleaner fish eats parasites out of the inside of this moray eel. It gets a meal and is protected from predators by the fierce eel. The Moray eel gets clean of parasites.

Commensalism A Ramora fish follows a shark feeding off of the shark’s scraps and getting protection from the “big bad fish”. The Ramora fish does not bother the shark.

Parasitism A Mistletoe has no roots of its own and lives off the tree that it attaches itself to. It slowly chokes out the life of the host tree.

Energy Pyramid copyright cmassengale17 If the producer in this pyramid yeilds 2100 kcals of energy, then the 2 nd level consumer will get about…… 21 kcals!

Competition Occurs when 2 organisms try to use the same resource at the same place at the same time. Ex. cheetahs and lions, since both species feed on the same prey

Which organism is the squirrel in competition with? The Bird

Carrying Capacity the maximum population size of the species that the environment can sustain.

Biological Magnification Toxins (increase/decrease) as they move through trophic levels. Increase!

Succession Natural, gradual changes in the types of species that live in an area

Pioneer Plants -Lichens -Mosses

Secondary Succession Pioneer plants Climax community

Primary Succession Pioneer Plants Climax Community