Imperialism

What is it?  Extension of a nation’s power over other lands When does it occur?  1870s – 1910s Who’s involved?  Great Britain, France, Belgium, Germany, Japan & the U.S.

Causes of U.S. Expansionism Economic interests  Desire for new markets & raw materials Military needs  Desire for naval bases & coaling stations Ideology  Desire to bring Christianity, western-style culture & democracy to other peoples

Ideological Justifications Nationalism  Love of one’s country  Territorial conquests enhanced a nation’s power & prestige Cultural Superiority  Africa, Asia & Latin America had less industry & urban developed > considered “backward”  Social Darwinism

Scramble for Territory 1800s  European countries controlled vast lands in Africa & Asia; dominated Latin American economy U.S.  Manifest Destiny! Belief that it is the destiny of the U.S. to expand to the Pacific Ocean

U.S. Expansion Hawaii  Annexed China  Spheres of influence  Open Door Policy  Boxer Rebellion Japan  Taiwan  Russo-Japanese War

U.S. cont. Cuba  Spanish-American War  Platt Amendment  Protectorate Puerto Rico  Foraker Act Guam Philippines  Aguinaldo  Later independence (1946) Panama  Revolution  Canal

U.S. Foreign Policy Theodore Roosevelt  Roosevelt Corollary Extension of Monroe Doctrine Military threat if U.S. “territory” threatened  Big Stick Policy “Speak softly & carry a big stick” William H. Taft  Dollar Diplomacy Substituting dollars for bullets Woodrow Wilson  Moral Diplomacy War to end all wars War for peace