1. Check for Understanding

2. Chapter 8
American Imperialism

3. Vocabulary Roosevelt Corollary Big Stick Spanish- American War
Teller Amendment
Treaty of Portsmouth (1905),
Big Stick
Expansionism
Imperialism
Open Door policy
Panama Canal
Philippines
Platt Amendment
Yellow Journalism (Yellow Press)

4. American Expansion
America seeks to become an Imperial power to compete with European powers
America seeks new raw materials & customers for the factories in the US. To control the new materials it seeks imperialism as the solution
“White Man’s Burden” used as justification ( New Manifest Destiny)
US build up the military to help protect business interest. Theodore Roosevelt philosophy of “Speak softly and carry a big stick”
Alaska- is bought from Russia for $7.2 million in 1867
Hawaii- an important part for trade route to Asia. US strong arms the Hawaiian monarchy to give up its sovereignty in 1898
Virgin Islands: purchased from the Denmark in 1917.

5. THE U.S. ACQUIRES ALASKA
In 1867, Secretary of State William Steward arranged for the United States to buy Alaska from the Russians for $7.2 million
Some thought it was a silly idea and called it “Steward’s Icebox”
Time has shown how smart it was to buy Alaska for 2 cents an acre
Alaska is rich in timber, minerals and oil
Alaska

6. Anti-Imperialist League
Organization who felt imperialism is immoral and anti-American values.
Andrew Carnegie, Mark Twain, Williams Jennings Bryant, Jane Addams, President Grover Cleveland

7. Spanish American War
Cuba wanted its’ independence from Spain but Spain would not give it to them
Cubans rebelled in 1895, failed
Cuba & Philippines- American business interest in both areas seek to gain control of these areas over the Spanish.
The USS Maine exploded & sank in Cuban water. Quickly the US blames the Spanish.
Yellow Journalism Exaggereated and charismatic sensational news led by William Randolph Hearst & Joseph Pulitzer

8. CUBA’S SECOND WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE
Led by poet Jose Marti, Cuba attempted a revolution in 1895
Exiled from Cuba, Marti resided in NY and creates a newspaper called…
“La Patria” to influence American intervention
Marti returned to Cuba and deliberately destroyed property, including American sugar plants,
hoping to provoke American intervention…
it did!
Marti

9. The Maine Explodes
Unknown artist , 1898
Notice the men flying dramatically through the air

10. A CALL FOR INTERVENTION IN CUBA

13. Spanish American War
U.S. quickly defeated Spain with Theodore Roosevelt’s “Rough Riders” in Cuba
War of imperialism which lasted 16 weeks & led to the US gaining control of the Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico, & Freed Cuba. Cuba becomes a protectorate (US manipulated territories).
Teller amendment (1898): Cuba remained independent (to partly satisfy Anti-Imperialists)
But not really…
Platt Amendment: replaces Teller Amendment and allows US Naval Bases & US intervention

16. American Foreign Policy (1898-1914)
Roosevelt Corollary: an extension of the Monroe Doctrine
Monroe Doctrine: US legacy of keeping Europe away from taking over independent Latin American nations
Big Stick Policy: Theodore Roosevelt policy of “Speak softly and carry a Big Stick” using aggressive Diplomacy
Open Door Policy: open free trade in China which leads to the unsuccessful Boxer Rebellion
Dollar diplomacy: use American investment to promote foreign policy objectives
Panama Canal
In search for quicker route to the Pacific US needed a canal. Colombia controlled Panama at the time & refused.
Roosevelt helped Panama rebel in exchange for full control of the Panama Canal

17. Check for Understanding

18. United States Foreign Policy 1890-1914
What to do with the Philippines-
Give the islands back to Spain (misrule).
Leave the islands and not give them any help (irresponsible and Germany or Japan would seize them resulting in another war).
US annexation.
McKinley opted for annexation
(US Senate approved the treaty by one vote)
Bitterness and Rebellion-Filipinos
wanted independence. 2/4/1899 Emilio Aguinaldo
led insurrection against the US. US responded by sending 126,000 troops. 18

20. Roosevelt Corollary
An extension of the Monroe Doctrine. Roosevelt stated in State of the Union Address in Stated the US can & will get involved in Latin America.

27. Check for Understanding

28. WHY IMPERIALISM?
1) Desire for Military strength – Mahan advised strong navy
2) Thirst for new markets – to spur economy & trade
3) Belief in Cultural Superiority – a belief that Anglo-Saxons were superior