Exercise 3, p. 37. 1. I got up ______________at (time) today. Complete the sentences with your own words. What do you notice about the verb tenses in blue? In which sentences do the situations continue from the past until now? 1. I got up ______________at (time) today. 2. I have been____________ awake since (time). 3. I am studying English grammar in this class. I have come to this class _____________ (number) times so far this month. 4. I took my first English class in ____________ (year).

Exercise 4, p.39 Complete the sentences with since or for. 1. There has been snow on the ground __New Year’s Day. 2. The weather has been cold __a long time. 3. Maria has studied English __less than a year. 4. Mr. and Mrs. Roberts have been together __they were in college. 5. They have known each other __more than fifty years. 6. We haven’t seen Aziz __last month. 7. I ’ve had a cold __ over a week. 8. I haven’t heard from my sister __ the beginning of March. 1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. for 6. since 7. for 8. since

Exercise 7, p. 40 Underline the present perfect verbs. What is the time frame in each situation? 1. So far this week, I ’ve had two tests and a quiz. And it’s only Wednesday! 2. Try not to be absent from class again for the rest of the term. You’ve already missed too many classes. 3. I’m really hungry. I haven’t eaten since I got up. 4. Nadia started her homework right after dinner, but she still hasn’t finished it. She probably won’t be able to go to bed until after midnight. 1. ’ve had(from the beginning of the week to now (Wed.) 2. ’ve missed (from the beginning of the term to now) 3. haven’t eaten(from the time speaker got up to now) 4. hasn’t finished(from right after dinner to now)

Exercise 7, p. 40 5. A: Hi, Judy. Welcome to the party. Have you ever met my cousin? B: No, I haven’t. 6. A: Do you like lobster? B: I don’t know. I ’ve never eaten it. 7. A: How did you like the book I lent you? B: Gosh, I’m sorry, but I haven’t read it yet. I haven’t had time. 5. have me t . . . haven’t (unspecified time) 6. I’ve eaten(unspecified time) 7. haven’t read . . . haven’t had(from the time she/he got the book up to now)

Exercise 13, p. 43 Complete the sentences. Use the simple past or the present perfect form of the verbs in parentheses. 1. Fatima is from a hot, arid part of her country. She (see, never) _____ snow. 2. Last January, I (see) _____ snow for the first time in my life. 3. Last night my friend and I (have) ____ some free time, so we (go)____ to a show. 4. Since classes began, I (have, not) ___ much free time. My classes keep me really busy. 1. has never seen 2. saw 3. had . . . went 4. haven’t had

Exercise 13, p. 43 5. Ming Won (be) ____in this class for three months. His English is getting better and better. He plans to take this class until the end of May. 6. Mrs. Perez (be) ____in our class for three months, but then she left school to get a job. 7. Late-breaking news! A major earthquake (occur, just) ____ in southern California. It (occur) _____ at 9:25 A.M. Pacific Standard Time. 8. I admit that I (get*) ____ older since I last (see) _____ you, but with any luck at all, I (get, also) ____ wiser. 5. has been 6. was 7. has just occurred . . . occurred 8. have gotten . . . saw . . . am also getting

Exercise 13, p. 43 9. A: Are you taking Chemistry 101 this semester? B: No, I (take, already**) ____it. I (take) _____ it last semester. This semester I’m in 102. 10. Greg Adams? Yes, I know him. I (know) ____ him since college. 11. Joe North passed away? I’m sorry to hear that. I (know)_____ him well when we were in college together. 9. have already taken . . . took 10. have known 11. knew

Exercise 15, p. 45 Warm-up 1. Anita is at the bus stop. Look at the picture in your book page 45. Check ( / ) each correct sentence. NOTE: One sentence in each group is incorrect. 1. Anita is at the bus stop. a. ___ She is waiting for the bus. b. ___ She is waiting for the bus for fifteen minutes. c. ___ She has been waiting for the bus for fifteen minutes. 2. Tarik is at the bus stop too. a. ___He is standing beside Anita. b. ___He is standing there since five o’clock. c. ___He has been standing there since five o’clock. 1 a, c 2 a, c

Exercise 16, p.47 Complete the sentences. Use the present progressive or the present perfect progressive form of the verbs in parentheses. 2. The test begins at 1:00. Right now it’s 11:00. Sara is at the library. She (review) _____her notes right now. She (review) _____ her notes all morning. 3. Marco is in a store. He (stand) _______at a checkout counter right now. He (stand) ______ there for over five minutes. He wishes he could find a salesperson. He wants to buy a pair of jeans. 2. is reviewing . . . has been reviewing 3. is standing . . . has been standing

Exercise 16, p.47 4. The little girl is dirty from head to foot because she (play) ________in the mud. 5. The children are excited about the concert. They (practice) _______ a lot in the last few weeks. They’re going to sing for their parents. 6. My back hurts, so I (sleep) ____ on a pad on the floor lately. The bed is too soft. 4. has been playing 5. have been practicing 6. have been sleeping

Exercise 19, p. 48 Complete the sentences. Use the verb in italics in the first sentence of each item to complete the remaining sentence(s). Use the present perfect or the present perfect progressive. In some sentences, either verb form is correct. 4. Toshi is waiting for his friend. He _______for her since five o’clock. She’s late for their date. 5. I like cowboy movies. I _____cowboy movies ever since I was a child. 6. Susie is watching a cowboy movie. She ______ it for over two hours without a break. 4. has been waiting 5. have liked 6. has been watching □

Exercise 19, p. 48 7. Dr. Chang teaches math. He is an excellent teacher. He _____ math at this school for more than 25 years. 8. Sue and Rick are playing tennis right now and they’re getting tired. They ____ since nine o’clock this morning. Sue’s winning. She’s the better tennis player. She _____ tennis since she was ten. Rick started playing only last year. 7. has been teaching / has taught 8. have been playing . . . has been playing / has played

Exercise 22. Warm-up, p. 49 Each of the following talks about two events. Which event happened first? 1. The teacher stood up. Someone had knocked on the classroom door. 2. I looked at the chalkboard. The teacher had written my name there. 1. Someone had knocked . . 2. The teacher had written .

Exercise 23, p. 51 Use the simple past or the past perfect form of the verbs in parentheses to complete the sentences. In some cases, either tense is correct. 2 . I (feel) ______a little better after (take) ______the medicine. 3. I was late. The teacher (give, already) _____ a quiz when I (get) ____ to class. 4. It was raining hard, but by the time class (be) _____ over, the rain (stop) ____ . 2. felt. . . took 3, had already given . . . got 4. was . . . had stopped □

Exercise 23, p. 51 5. Millions of years ago, dinosaurs (roam) _____the earth, but they (become) ______ extinct by the time people first (appear)______. 6. I (see, never) _____ any of Picasso’s paintings before I (visit) ____ the art museum. 7. After work, I went to Rosa’s office to give her a ride home, but I couldn’t find her. She (leave) _____with someone else. 5. roamed . . . became / had become . . . appeared 6 had never seen . . . visited 7. had left/left

Exercise 23, p. 51 8. I got ready to pay the bill, but when I (look) _____ in my pocket, I discovered that I (leave) _____my wallet at home. With some embarrassment, I told my friend that I ( forget) ____my wallet. She kindly (offer) _______to pay my part of the bill for me. 9. Yesterday at a meeting, I (see) ______Rick Collins, an old friend of mine. I (see, not) ____him in years. At first, I (recognize, not) _____him because he (lose) ___ a great deal of weight. 8. looked . . . had le ft. . . had forgotten. . . offered 9. saw . . . had not seen . . . didn’t recognize . . . had lost

Exercise 23, p. 51 10. In 1980, my parents (emigrate) __________ to the United States from China. They (travel, never) _________ outside of China and were, of course, excited by the challenge of relocating to a foreign country. Eventually, they (settle) _________ in California. My sister and I were born there and (grow) __________ up there. Last year, I (go) __________ to China for the first time to study at Beijing University. I (want, always) ________ to visit China and learn more about my own family background. My dreams finally came true. 10. emigrated . . . had never traveled . .. settled . . . grew.. . went . . . had always wanted