5.3: Reconstruction  Follow along in the student packet: Content students MUST KNOW to be successful on the GHSGT (pg ) Click Here

Reconstruction:

 Presidential Reconstruction (A Johnson)  States could come back into the USA once they ratified the 13 th Amendment  Southerners created black codes to keep African-Americans inferior

 Congressional Reconstruction (led by the “Radical Republicans”)  The South was placed under military rule & divided into 5 zones  Southern states were forced to ratify the 14 th & 15 th Amendments

Reconstruction Legislation  From 1865 to 1877, blacks were protected & given rights as citizens  13 th Amendment  13 th Amendment ended slavery  14 th Amendment  14 th Amendment made it illegal to discriminate against people due to race, gender, religion  15 th Amendment  15 th Amendment gave all black men the right to vote  Freedman’s Bureau created to provide food, 40 acres & a mule, & schools for African-Americans

Radical Reconstruction ( ) Created 5 military districts to enforce Reconstruction But, Radical Reconstruction was not adequate to enforce equality in the South Black codes were common in many parts of the South A secret society called the Ku Klux Klan was created to keep blacks inferior & return “Redeemer Democrats” to power

 Andrew Johnson’s Impeachment: impeached  President Johnson interfered with the “Radical Reconstruction” plan & was the 1 st president to be impeached  But he was not removed from office

 The end of Reconstruction:  The “Second Corrupt Bargain” (the “Compromise of 1877”)  President Hayes removed federal troops & ended military zones  “Jim Crow” era began ( )  Legal segregation in the South

Jim Crow Era (1877 to 1954)  Jim Crow laws keep blacks from voting  Literacy tests—voters have to read  Poll taxes—voters must pay a tax  Grandfather clauses—allowed whites to avoid literacy test & poll taxes  In Plessy v Ferguson (1896), the Supreme Court said segregation was OK (“separate but equal”)

“Jim Crow” South from 1877 to 1954

The era after the Civil War from 1865 to 1877 is typically referred to as: 1. Reconstruction 2. The Antebellum Era 3. The Era of Good Feelings 4. The Gilded Age 10

During this period “Radical Republicans” in Congress easily overrode President Andrew Johnson's vetoes and took charge of Reconstruction. 1. Reformation 2. Presidential Reconstruction 3. Congressional Reconstruction 4. Radical Rebuilding 10

The Thirteenth Amendment ended 1. slavery 2. Black codes 3. the Civil War 4. Jim Crow Laws 10

The Reconstruction agency formed to help former slaves with jobs, food, education, and other assistance was called 1. Freedman’s Bureau 2. Interstate Commerce Commission 3. National Assoc for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) 4. Office of Equal Opportunity 10

During Reconstruction, most tenant farmers (sharecroppers) 1. made a decent living farming their own land. 2. barely survived by farming the land they rented. 3. were forced to rent out their own land to other farmers. 4. were able to buy land to become successful farmers. 10

When President Andrew Johnson was “impeached” he was 1. removed from office 2. placed in jail for breaking a law 3. unable to run for re-election 4. formally charged with wrong doing in office 10

During Reconstruction, Southern states tried to restrict the freedoms of freed blacks by passing: 1. Black Codes 2. Jim Crow Laws 3. The 13 th Amendment 4. The 15 th Amendment 10

This “Reconstruction amendment” states that no state could take away a citizen's life, liberty, and property "without due process of law." th Amendment th Amendment th Amendment th Amendment 10

Which group used fear & intimidation to prevent blacks from voting in the South? 1. Democratic Party 2. Molly Maguires 3. Ku Klux Klan 4. Tammany Hall 10

The court case that allowed for segregation by establishing the "separate but equal" doctrine was 1. Marbury vs. Madison. 2. Dred Scott vs. Sanford. 3. Miranda vs. Arizona. 4. Plessy vs. Ferguson. 10

Reconstruction ended with the 1. Compromise of passage of the 15 th Amendment 3. readmission of the first Southern state into the USA 4. readmission of the last Southern states into the USA 10