Hazard Communication Training For Artists Robin Izzo, Environmental Health and Safety

OSHA Hazard Communication Standard u Covers all employees who work with hazardous chemicals u Purpose is to reduce injuries and illnesses related to chemical use u Princeton extends this to students

Workers have the Right to Know u Identity of chemical substances in the workplace u Health effects of these chemicals u Physical hazards of these chemicals u Proper precautions for handling and use

Elements of Hazard Communication u Hazard Evaluation u Labeling of Containers u Material Safety Data Sheets u Written Hazard Communication Program u Information and Training

Hazard Evaluation Performed by manufacturers, importers or distributors: u PHYSICAL HAZARDS - flammable, combustible, explosive u HEALTH HAZARDS - toxic, corrosive, carcinogen, sensitizer

Labels Manufacturer Label u Must have u chemical name u hazard warnings u manufacturer name and address Chemical Users u Must ensure containers are labeled and that labels are not defaced

Labels Transfers from Original Container u Must label new container with u product name u chemical contents u warnings u Thinners - use pre-labeled mason jars supplied by Visual Arts

Material Safety Data Sheets u Supplied by the manufacturer or distributor u Must have MSDS for each hazardous material in Visual Arts u MSDSs must be accessible Available in binders near storage cabinets

Written Hazard Communication Program u Visual Arts developed a written program detailing how we comply with the Hazard Communication Standard u Program is available in the main office any time u Based on template produced by EHS

Written Hazard Communication Program Program Elements: u Hazardous Materials Inventory u Location and Handling of MSDSs u Labeling Requirements u Training Requirements u Contractor Requirements u Non-Routine Task Requirements

Training u General training provided by EHS u Site and chemical-specific training provided by Visual Arts, with help from EHS. u As a teacher or supervisor, you provide this information to your people u Additional training may be required before performing non-routine tasks

Understanding Chemical Safety Information u Material Safety Data Sheet u different formats, but same information u Important points: u Health Effects u Personal Protective Equipment u Reactivity u Physical Properties

Risk = Toxicity X Exposure The dose makes the poison Consider u how the chemical will be used u possible routes of exposure u quantity of the chemical u personal protective equipment used u environmental conditions/ventilation

ONE YEAR 1 LB. ONE HOUR 1 LB.

Acute vs. Chronic Acute u short-term exposure u immediate or slightly delayed health effects Chronic u long term exposure u delayed effects

Acute vs. Chronic Alcohol Acute Effect Chronic Effect Cirrhosis of the liver Drunkenness

Exposure Limits u Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) u Threshold Limit Value (TLV) u Time Weighted Average (TWA) Concentration to which the average, healthy person may be exposed 8 hours per day, 40 hours per week for a lifetime of work, without serious health effects. Based on 8-hour time-weighted average.

Examples of PELs

Routes of Exposure u Inhalation u Skin or Eye Contact u Ingestion u Injection

Skin u Protective u Damage surface u React with tissue proteins u Distribute through bloodstream

Inhalation u Large surface area u Respiratory tract irritation u Absorption to bloodstream u Particulates, vapors, fumes, mists

Ingestion u Hand to mouth contact u Eating, drinking, smoking in studio u Foods stored with chemicals

Injection u Cuts u Sores u Burns u Scratches u Needles u Broken Glass u Pressurized Air

Personal Protective Equipment u Eye and Face Protection u Gloves u Respirators u Air-Purifying u Dust Mask

Personal Contamination Skin Exposure u Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes u Remove clothing and jewelry while rinsing Eye Exposure u Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes, preferably using eye wash. Otherwise, rinse from nose outward u Remove contact lenses while rinsing

Personal Contamination Inhalation u Move to fresh air u Do not enter a contaminated environment without respiratory protection Ingestion u Call University Health Services or Poison Control Center for professional advice. u Do not induce vomiting unless so advised

Personal Contamination Injection u Wash area well In all cases, seek medical attention at University Health Services at McCosh or Princeton Medical Center, if needed. u Tell medical staff name of chemical(s) u Supply MSDS if possible

Report All Incidents u Near misses u Regardless of injury u Not for assigning blame u Report to Marjorie Carhart or Kathy DiMeglio u EHS may conduct simple accident investigation

Flashpoints u Gasoline-36 0 F (-38 0 C) u Ethyl Alcohol55 0 F (13 0 C) u Whiskey85 0 F (29 0 C) u Mineral Spirits104 0 F (40 0 C) u Olive Oil437 0 F (225 0 C)

Storage of Flammable Liquids u Flammable Liquid Storage Cabinets u 10 gallon threshold u Safety Cans

Corrosives u Liquids u add acids or bases to water to avoid flash steam explosion u store below eye level u use gloves and eye protection

Compressed gases u Chemical hazards u Flammable- Oxidizer u Toxic- Corrosive u Inert u High Pressure

Handling Compressed Gases u Secure cylinders u Cylinder caps in place u Use correct regulator u Use cylinder carts u Leaks u contact Public Safety

Chemical Spills u No spill response team u Notify Public Safety at 911 if u spill is large (more than 1 gallon) u release to the environment u Spill control materials available u Dispose as hazardous waste

Chemical Spills u Alert other workers u Attend to injured people or fire u Control sources of ignition u Put on gloves and eye protection u Protect floor drains u Clean up by neutralization or absorption u Place materials in container/dispose u Decontaminate area

Chemical Waste - Definition u Ignitable - flammable or oxidizer u Corrosive - pH 12.5 or corrodes steel u Reactive - reacts violently with air or water, is shock or heat sensitive (explosive decomposition), releases cyanide or sulfides at extreme pH u Toxic - heavy metals and certain pesticides (through TCLP) u Listed Waste - several hundred substances on EPA list u Characteristic - you think it is hazardous based on MSDS or other information

Hazardous Waste Disposal u Oily Rags u place in oily rag containers u do not leave on the floor u emptied every night u Paints u oil-based and metal-based paints are hazardous waste u latex and water-based - regular trash

Waste Disposal u Oils u linseed oil - hazardous waste u baby oil - regular trash, small amounts to drain u other oils - USED OIL, not waste oil collect for recycling u Solvents u collect as hazardous waste u can combine with paint and linseed oil

Chemical Wastes u Ceramic Glaze u may be hazardous waste u contact EHS about unused u use sink with settling tank u solids from tank are hazardous waste u Photographic Chemicals u fixers - collect and pour into silver recovery unit u developers and rinses - drain u others - check with EHS

Waste Disposal u Acids and Bases u Do not mix with solvents u Neutralize or collect as hazardous waste u pH >2 or <12.5 not hazardous waste u Sharps u protect before disposal, using jar or cardboard u Empty Chemical Containers u triple rinse and recycle

Hazardous Waste Disposal u Place waste in a container. u Original container is fine. u Use 5-gallon carboys, if practical. u Label the container. u Keep containers sealed. NO FUNNELS. u Keep the waste in your studio. Notify Marjorie Carhart when full. u Secondary containment near drains.

Labeling u Place label on container when accumulation begins u If no label is available, label as “HAZARDOUS WASTE” u Must include chemical names u Unidentified wastes are illegal!!

Disposal Process u Pickups scheduled last Thursday of each month January-October. One in mid- December u Waste Paper sent out week before pickup. u Notify Marge Carhart of any wastes for disposal.

Important Points u DO NOT POUR DOWN DRAIN u All wastes must be labeled Hazardous Waste. u All containers must be closed except during filling. Do not leave funnels in containers. u Do not order more than you need. u Dispose of chemicals promptly. No more than 55 gallons allowed! u Minimize and substitute.

Art Hazards

Painting u Pigments u “hues” u Thinners u Linseed Oil u autoignition u Adhesives u sensitizers u Oil-based paints u Turpentine u sensitizer - odorless thinner is better alternative

Did Van Gogh Die for His Art?

Paint Pigments

Precautions for Painters u Know the what is in your pigments. Use the least toxic. u Avoid mixing dry pigments. u Avoid hand to mouth contact. u Don’t use your mouth to point your brush. u Avoid using turpentine - use thinner u Use least dusty forms of chalk, pastels, etc.

Photography u Developer u alkaline u Stop Bath u acetic acid u Fixers u Disposal problems u Reducer u Mix with concentrated acid or high heat, can release cyanide gas Many photochemicals are sensitizers

Precautions for Photographers u Use liquid chemistry u Avoid skin exposure u Cover baths when not in use. u Use pre-mixed chemicals u Rinse with water between acid bleach step and fixing steps. (sulfur dioxide gas) u Use good ventilation.

Ceramics u Silica - silicosis u sand, perlite, grog, vermiculite u Mold - wet clay u Musculo-skeletal problems u Glazes - metals u Skin irritation u clay, glazes u Kiln - fumes, CO, IR

Precautions for Ceramics u Use pre-mixed clay. u Use good ventilation. Clean daily. u Moisturize hands. u Avoid lead glazes u Use gloves when handling glazes u Use good ventilation and CO for kiln u Wear IR goggles when looking into kiln u Electrical safety and good material handling

Sculpture u Wood shop u Plasters, silica, etc. u Spray Paint u Clay u Paints u Mold-making Resins

Precautions for Sculptors u Use eye and face protection u Choose the least hazardous woods and stones u Do not use plaster for casting body parts u Use good lifting techniques u Protect hands against vibration of hand tools u Use machining tools under supervision

Precautions for Sculptors u Take breaks to avoid carpal tunnel syndrome u Avoid chlorinated waxes u Protect against electrical hazards u Wear gloves when applying epoxy glues and hardeners, formaldehyde glues or solvent-based adhesives

Questions? Thank you