SCIENCE STARTER: 1. What are you looking forward to in this class, or what are you apprehensive about? 2. What do you expect we will do or learn about?

Horticulture Science Chapter 1 What is Horticulture?

1.1 What is Horticulture? Horticulture is the culture of plants for food, comfort, and beautification purposes. In Latin, the term horticulture means “garden culture.” The field of science that deals with the cultivation of horticultural plants is known as horticulture science.

1.1 What is Horticulture? Four Main Areas to Horticulture: – Food Fruit Culture Vegetable Culture – Environment Ornamental horticulture Landscape architecture

1.1 What is Horticulture? Because of the use of green plants, the ornamental horticulture industry is often referred to as the “green industry.” Examples of crops within ornamental horticulture are poinsettias, red maple trees, carnations, forsythia shrubs, and petunias.

1.2 History of Horticulture Agriculture & Horticulture are NOT a modern-day invention however, technology and how plants are produced has drastically changed! How?

1.2 History of Horticulture Egypt = pioneered basic crop production. (page 4) Greeks & Romans = “next in line,” to improve ag and create greenhouse like structures.

1.2 History of Horticulture United States Contributions: –Robert Prince = 1 st nursery in 1730’s –Andrew Downing = landscaping –Frederick Law Olmstead 1822 = “father of landscape architecture” –Page 14

1.2 History of Horticulture Modern Horticulture: (page 15) –Advantages? –Disadvantages?

1.3 Divisions of Horticulture? Page 16 Agronomy is the art and science of producing crops and managing the soil. Botany is the study of plants and their processes. Horticulture technology is the application of science to horticulture.

1.3 Divisions of Horticulture? Page 16 The horticulture industry is the combination of scientific, technological, and production activities that ensure the satisfaction of the consumer.

1.3 Divisions of Horticulture? Page 16 The horticulture industry can further subdivided : ornamental horticulture, olericulture, and pomology. Each of these areas is unique and includes many career opportunities.  Landscape Design  Wholesale Growers  Turf Maintenance  Landscape Maintenance  Forestry  Fruit and Vegetable Production  Landscape Architecture  Interiorscape  Turf Management  Business and Financial Management  Retail Industry  Landscape Construction  Floral

1.3 Divisions of Horticulture? Page 16 The growth and use of plants for their beauty is the area of horticulture known as ornamental horticulture. Ornamental horticulture involves the production and use of plants used both indoors and outdoors.

1.3 Divisions of Horticulture? Page 16 The area of horticulture that involves the production of vegetable food crops is olericulture. Olericulture includes the planting, harvesting, storing, processing, and marketing of vegetable crops. Sweet corn, tomatoes, and lettuce are examples of vegetable crops.

1.3 Divisions of Horticulture? Page 16 Another food crop production area of horticulture is pomology. Pomology is the planting, harvesting, storing, processing, and marketing of fruit and nut crops. Examples of fruit and nut crops include peaches, strawberries, and walnuts.

1.3 Divisions of Horticulture? Arboriculture is a segment of the horticulture industry that deals with the care of trees. A nursery is a place that specializes in starting plants and growing them until they are ready to be transplanted to landscapes. Foliage plants are those used for their colorful greenery or leaves. Producing, transporting, and using flowering and foliage plants is known as floriculture.

1.3 Divisions of Horticulture? The production and use of plants to beautify the outdoor environment is landscape horticulture. Landscape horticulture includes designing plans for landscapes, installing landscapes as specified in the plans, and maintaining the landscapes. Landscape Architect

1.4 Nursery and Seed Industries The Nursery Industry –Provides seedlings for growers who do not want to raise plants for seed and prefer this convince. –Bushes, trees, other woody plants –Work mainly with landscapers –Greenhouse = nursery = landscape

1.4 Nursery and Seed Industries The Seed Industry –Very Important to horticulture industry! –Responsible for developing new plant cultivars Higher yields Disease resistant Higher nutritional value foods New colors of flowers Etc.

1.5 Horticulture and Society Horticulture is important to society for food, ornamentals and jobs! Ornamental plants = for enjoyment –Valentine’s Day = –Graduation = –Mother’s Day = –Christmas = –Easter = –What else makes up a major portion of the ornamental industry?

1.5 Horticulture and Society Horticulture Jobs page 20

1.5 Horticulture and Society