Mtra.Virginia Canabal

INTRODUCTION The theory of multiple intelligences was developed in 1983 by Dr. Howard Gardner. It suggests that the traditional notion of intelligence, based on I.Q. testing, is far too limited. Instead, Dr. Gardner proposes eight different intelligences to account for a broader range of human potential in children and adults.

8 DIFFERENT INTELLIGENCES Linguistic intelligence Logical-mathematical intelligence Spatial intelligence Bodily-Kinesthetic intelligence Musical intelligence Interpersonal intelligence Intrapersonal intelligence Naturalist intelligence

IMPLICATIONS IN THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM Dr. Gardner says that our schools and culture focus most of their attention on linguistic and logical- mathematical intelligence. Teachers should also place equal attention on individuals who show gifts in the other intelligences. Many of these kids, end up being labeled "learning disabled," "ADD “attention deficit disorder,” or simply underachievers.

IMPLICATIONS IN OUR PRACTICES How to Teach or Learn Anything 8 Different Ways? One of the most remarkable features of the theory of multiple intelligences is how it provides eight different potential pathways to learning. Teachers should present their lessons in a wide variety of ways using music, cooperative learning, art activities, role play, multimedia, field trips, inner reflection, and much more.

The theory of multiple intelligences has strong implications for learning and development. Let´s see a practical example: The Director: Read the text and write a list of questions that you think might generate an interesting discussion (Interpersonal) The organizer: Draw a graphic organizer to represent the ideas in the text (Logic) The visualizer: As you read the text, what kinds of images come to your mind? Share them with the others in the group (Visual) The reader: As you read the text,choose parts of the story that you want to read aloud to the group. Explain why you chose them (Linguistic)

The musician: Read the text and select the appropiate background sounds or songs to go with different parts of the text The feeling watcher: As you read the text, concentrate on how you feel as you read the different parts. Share your feelings with the group. The actor: Select a passage from the text and think of a way to role play. Be prepared to present it to the group.

Activity Chart for Multiple Intelligences Linguistic Intelligence Use storytelling to explain Conduct a debate on Write a poem, myth, legend, short play, or news article about Create a talk show radio program about Conduct an interview on Logical-Mathematical Intelligence Translate into a mathematical formula Design and conduct an experiment on Make up syllogisms to demonstrate Make up analogies to explain Describe the patterns or symmetry in Others of your choice Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence Create a movement or sequence of movements to explain Make task or puzzle cards for Build or construct a Plan and attend a field trip that will Bring hands-on materials to demonstrate Visual Intelligence Chart, map, cluster, or graph Create a slide show, videotape, or photo album of Create a piece of art that demonstrates Invent a board or card game to demonstrate Illustrate, draw, paint, sketch, or sculpt

Activity Chart for Multiple Intelligences Musical Intelligence Give a presentation with appropriate musical accompaniment on Sing a rap or song that explains Indicate the rhythmical patterns in Explain how the music of a song is similar to Make an instrument and use it to demonstrate Interpersonal Intelligence Conduct a meeting to address Intentionally use social skills to learn about Participate in a service project to Teach someone about Practice giving and receiving feedback on Use technology to Intrapersonal Intelligence Describe qualities you possess that will help you successfully complete Set and pursue a goal to Describe one of your personal values about Write a journal entry on Assess your own work in Naturalist Intelligence Create observation notebooks of Describe changes in the local or global environment Care for pets, wildlife, gardens, or parks Use binoculars, telescopes, microscopes, or magnifiers to Draw or photograph natural objects

REFERENCES Gardner, Howard (1993) ‘Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. New York: Basic Books. Armstrong, Thomas. Multiple Intelligences in the Classroom. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1994.Multiple Intelligences in the Classroom Oliveira Adelaide, (September, 1999) ‘ Cuisinaire Rods and Multiple Intelligences’ Theory New York: Basic Books. Daniels, Harvey (1994) ‘Literature Circles: Voice and Choice in the Student- Centered Classroom.’ Maine: Stenhouse Publishers; Canada: Pembroke Publishers Limited. Fletcher, Mark (July 2001) ‘ Multiple Intelligences? In your classroom now!. New routes, DISAL. Tanner, Rosie (July 2201) ‘ Teaching Intelligently’. English Teaching Professional.