Chapter 11 Section 2 War with Spain

Conflict in Cuba Supporters of expansion had long been interested in Cuba Cuba and Puerto Rico were the last of the Spanish colonies in America Cuba launched a series of unsuccessful revolts against Spain {Cuban poet Jose Marti was one of many activists banished from Cuba to Spain not once but twice for fighting for Cuban independence} Spain sent General Valeriano Weyler to Cuba to put down the revolt

The United States Reacts Many Americans sympathized with Cuba’s situation {Newspaper publisher, William Randolph Hearst, published tales of Spanish atrocities in Cuba in an effort to inflame American war sentiments} The nation teetered on the edge of war until Spain was unfoundedly blamed for the battleship the USS Maine blowing up On April 11th 1898 Congress declared war on Spain {The Spanish-American war was on and its rallying cry was “Remember the Maine”}

WAR WITH SPAIN Congress recognized Cuba as independent it adopted the {Teller Amendment that stated that once Cuba gained its independence the U.S. would “leave the government and control of the Island to its people”} The first war’s battle took place in the Philippines led by {Commodore George Dewey aboard his flagship the Olympia} Dewey easily defeated the Spanish fleet then focused on the capture of the city of Manila Dewey obtained the support of a {Philippine rebel army leader named Emilio Aguinaldo} in the city and Spanish forces were forced to surrender

Battle of Manila Bay

Fighting in Cuba In the wars most famous battle Lt. Col. Theodore Roosevelt led a cavalry of 1,000 men called the Rough Riders toward the garrison on San Juan Hill By nightfall U.S. troops controlled the ridge above Santiago Then the navy sank the Spanish fleet in Cuba Two weeks later Spanish troops in Cuba surrendered {The out come of the Spanish-American War was that Spain ceded Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Pacific island of Guam. To the United States.} The U.S. also purchased the Philippines from Spain for $20 million {When the U.S. gained overseas territory they became an imperial power}

The Rough Riders led by Roosevelt

Uproar over the Philippines Some Americans questioned whether it was proper to annex a foreign territory and rule its government and its people Others wanted it annexed to serve as a trading post and re-fueling station The Senate narrowly approved the treaty and annexed the Philippines on Feb 6 1899 Meanwhile, Aguinaldo had already set up rule in the Philippines and vowed to go to war with the U.S. if they tried to take the country by force For the next three years Filipino freedom fighters battled U.S. soldiers for control of the Philippines

Emilio Aguinaldo

Continued…. U.S. forces defeated the Filipinos in 1902 The U.S. government passed the Philippine Government Act, which established a governor and a two-house legislature to rule the Philippines (which would be appointed by the U.S.) Later the Jones Act of 1916 granted the Filipinos the right to elect both houses of their legislature Not until July 4th 1946 did the U.S. finally granted independence to the Philippines

Review Cuban poet Jose Marti was one of many activists ________ from Cuba to Spain not once but twice for fighting for Cuban independence Who published tales of Spanish atrocities in Cuba in an effort to inflame American war sentiments? What was the rallying cry of the Spanish American War? Spain ceded Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Pacific island of Guam to who? What did they become when the U.S. gained overseas territory?

Do you think it might have ninja skills in addition to being a mutant?