Digital Citizenship Digital citizenship describes the norms of appropriate, responsible behavior with regard to technology use. The template used in this page come from:   Animation Factory. Templates. Open Source Technology Group. Animation Factory. Retrieved September 7, 2006.   <http://www.animationfactory.com/brain/home.cgi>

Nine Elements of Digital Citizenship Digital Access Digital Commerce Digital Communication Digital Literacy Digital Etiquette Digital Law Digital Rights and Responsibilities Digital Health and wellness Digital Security

3. Modeling and Demonstration Four-Stage Technology Learning Framework for Teaching Digital Citizenship 1 .Awareness Digital Citizenship Reflection 4. Feedback and Analysis 2. Guide Practice 3. Modeling and Demonstration

First Stage: Awareness ATS Technology Policy

Individual Responsibilities Technology Policy Individual Responsibilities Common courtesy and respect for rights of others Privacy of information Intellectual property Harassment Responsible use of resources Game playing Information Integrity Use of desktop systems

Access to Facilities and Information Technology Policy Access to Facilities and Information Sharing of Access Permitting unauthorized access Use of privileged access Academic dishonesty Use of copyrighted information and materials Use of licensed software Political campaigning- commercial advertising Personal business

Control of Access to Information Technology Policy Control of Access to Information Imposition of sanctions System administrator access Monitoring of usage, inspection of files Suspension of individual privileges

Second Stage: Guided Practice Computer Ethics

Computer Ethics: Netiquette “Contraction of Internet etiquette, the etiquette guidelines for posting messages to online services, and particularly Internet newsgroups. Netiquette covers not only rules to maintain civility in discussions (i.e., avoiding flames), but also special guidelines unique to the electronic nature of forum messages. For example, netiquette advises users to use simple formats because complex formatting may not appear correctly for all readers.” (from: www.webopedia.com) Common rules for e-mail such as avoiding flamewars and spam are constant across most mediums and communities. Another rule is to avoid typing in ALL CAPS, which is considered shouting or yelling. Netiquette

Computer Ethics: Copyright Copyright – the legal right granted to a creator of a work (authors, artists, composers and others) to the exclusive publication, production, sale or distribution of it. Intellectual Property –a product of the intellect, such as an expressed idea or concept, that has commercial value. Fair Use – Allows you to use a limited amount of copyrighted material for your educational use. Public Domain - The absence of copyright protection; belonging to the public so that anyone may copy or borrow from it. (1923-1978) However, you should still give credit to the source. Copyright Copyright from Cyberbee.com

Computer Ethics: Plagiarism Plagiarism is the use of another's original words or ideas as though they were your own. Examples of Plagiarism Turning in someone else's work as your own Copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit Failing to put a quotation in quotation marks Giving incorrect information about the source of a quotation Changing words but copying the sentence structure of a source without giving credit • Copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes up the majority of your work, whether you give credit or not

Computer Ethics: Why Students Plagiarize? There are many reasons why students plagiarize: – Deadlines come around more quickly than expected. – Sometimes assignments make them feel overwhelm. – Sometimes the boundaries of plagiarism and research just get confused. Intentional Plagiarism Searching vs. Researching – real skills: interpretation and analysis, process the information. "But their words are better“ – how they understand the assigned topic, and how they develop their own style and voice. • Making the Grade – grades won't matter if they don't have the skills to show for them. • "Everyone else is doing it“ – catch those students who do plagiarize. • Poor Planning – Scheduling stages of progress is effective.

Computer Ethics: Why Students Plagiarize? Unintentional Plagiarism Citation Confusion – ignorance of the proper forms of citation. • Plagiarism vs. Paraphrasing – exercises in class with paraphrased and plagiarized passages to discuss. • "I was just copying my notes“ – Practice note-taking methods. • "I couldn't find the source“ – Track references during note-taking. • "I thought we didn't have to quote facts“ – Teach them "When in doubt, cite sources." • Confusion about expectations – the ambiguity of "analyze" and "discuss“, no reporting.

Computer Ethics: Plagiarism Types of Plagiarism • Sources Not Cited – Word-for-word – Portions of text – Copying from several different sources – Changing key words and phrases – Paraphrase most of the paper • Sources Cited (but still plagiarized) – Only mentions an author's name – Do not use quotation marks – The paper contains almost no original work

Plagiarism Prevention 1. Explain What "Plagiarism" Means 2. Explain what's Wrong about Plagiarism 3. Make the Consequences Clear 4. Start off with Clear Expectations 5. Assign Specific Questions or Topics 6. Require Students to Submit Thesis Statements, Introductions, Outlines, or Drafts 7. Have the Students Annotate their Bibliography 8. Assign Oral Presentations 9. Require Recent and Printed Sources 10.Assign a Paragraph on the Composition Process 11.Encourage Concision

Third Stage: Modeling and Demonstration

Safe Surfing The internet provides a powerful resource for learning, as well as an efficient means of communication. including the development of: independent learning and research skills, such as improved access to subject learning across a wide range of learning areas, as well as in integrated or cross-curricular studies; and communication and collaboration, such as the ability to use learning technologies to access resources, create resources and communicate with others. Teachers can adjust to the different learning styles and in the classroom. Common concerns about children's’ internet use: Access to inappropriate content Identity Theft Bullying peers Sexual Predators Manipulation of photos and conversations Social Networking Sites such as FACEBOOK are inappropriate for people under 13 years old.

E-safety guidelines for elementary students We strongly recommend adult supervision when Elementary Student students use social online communication (chatting, e-mail). To keep safe, our students should: Keep personal information confidential. For example don't give out your name, age, address or phone number Create a nick name to use instead of your real name when a username is required Only email people you know Use Internet chat rooms with caution and know how to block unwanted users. (previous parent’s authorization) Never arrange to meet anyone alone, if asked, always report it to a responsible adult.

E-safety guidelines for elementary students Cyber bullying occurs when students write harassing/flame emails, post negative websites, and are mean/cruel in instant messaging/chat rooms. What to do if you are being Cyber Bullied: Not reply to bullying messages Block the bully. Learn how to block or report someone who is behaving badly Save the evidence. Learn how to keep records of offending messages, pictures or online conversations Report cyber bullying. Make sure you tell to an adult you trust

E-safety guidelines for elementary students Always respect others. Remember you can’t see the impact your words or images have on the other person, so it is important to show respect to people and be careful with what you say/send Think before you “send”. Whether photos or text, whatever you send or post online can be made public very quickly and could stay online forever Use websites recommended by teachers and use a student friendly search Be aware of who created a website and possible bias within information. Don't believe everything you read or see online Copyright and intellectual property rights must be respected

Keep your Students Safe Safe Surfing Keep your Students Safe ATS Online Resources Search Engines OneKey.Com Ask for Kids Activity Search Family Source Yahooligans Web Guide Kid's Search Tools KidsClick Web Search Dib, Dab, Doo, and Dilly, Too

Find the suitable Information Search Strategies Use Bookmarks and Favorites Narrow your searching: noodletools.com Put it on context: answers.com/

Web Page Evaluation Authority Objectivity Accuracy Currency Coverage Evaluation Criteria Authority Objectivity Accuracy Currency Coverage

Put Netiquette in your personal and professional practice… Posting Mail In the interests of privacy, it's considered extremely bad taste to post any email that someone may have sent, unless they explicitly give you permission to redistribute it. Signatures Copyright in an Electronic Environment Cite Sources Easybib.com CitationMachine.net NoodleTools There's also a handy chart that outlines teachers' fair use rights and responsibilities. Adults need to be positive role models of good digital citizenship so students can follow their example.

Fourth Stage: Feedback and Analysis

2008-2009 Survey Findings: Facebook is a social network to be used by people older than 13. Facebook is used by 48% of Upper Elementary students. Approximately 3-4 students in every 3rd grade classroom has a Facebook account. It’s “cool” to be on Facebook. Some students aware of risks have asked Technology teachers for support to manage their Facebook account in a safe way. Some parents have decided their children are not allowed to have an email/Facebook account. Cyber-harassment and cyber bullying

Bibliography Ribble, Mike. Passport to Digital Citizenship. ISTE (International Society for Technology in Education), January, 2009.www.iste.org The Copyright information in this presentation comes from: – IParadigms, LLC. "Research Resources.“ Turnitin. 2005. iParadigms. 18 Apr. 2008 <http://www.turnitin.com/research_site /e_home.html>. – I-SAFE America Inc. Copyright Quick Reference. Carlsbad, CA: I-SAFE American, n.d.