The Stone Ages & Early Cultures Mrs. Michaelson

Warm-up Day 6 Look at the items below and determine if they are fossils or artifacts. Use a tree map in your notebook to organize the information. Footprints, coins, bones, tools, pottery, leaf print, arrowheads (page 16) Practice your vocabulary for today’s quiz.

Artifacts and Fossils Artifacts Fossils

Restating the Question History is……… We study history to……. It was ______ years ago.

Archeologist Archeologists have a very interesting job. tell what they do what they can determine your opinion of the job.

Warm-up Day 7 Complete the writing on page 17 from yesterday. Archeologists have a very interesting job. tell what they do what they can determine your opinion of the job Share your paper with the people at your table. Choose one paragraph to share with the class.

Primary and Secondary Sources Primary Source A primary source is a document or physical object which was written or created by someone who took part or witnessed the event. (THEY WERE THERE!) Examples: treaties, letters, diaries, laws, speeches, footage, pottery, clothing, autobiographies, and court documents

Primary and Secondary Sources A secondary source is information gathered by someone who did NOT take part in or witness an event. Examples: history textbooks, encyclopedias, historian’s information, magazine articles, encyclopedias, poetry, novels, art or artifacts NOT created during that time.

Primary or Secondary?

Primary or Secondary?

Primary or Secondary?

These items were found by an archeologist. Primary or Secondary? These items were found by an archeologist.

Primary or Secondary? Would these be primary or secondary? Information from a story on the radio Notes from interview with the senator Newspaper article Documents from a government report Information from an encyclopedia

ACAPS A: Author (Who created the source) C: Context (When and where was the source created) A: Audience (for what audience was this source created) P: Purpose (For what reason was this source created) S: Significance (What can be learned from this source) Think about POV: Point of View *Use previous slides to do ACAPS

Warm up: Day 8. Complete the quiz by putting the number and the correct term.

Uncovering the Past Section Quiz – Modified Matching Write the term or place that matches each description. 1. The study of the past An account of an event created by someone who took part in or witnessed the event Information gathered by someone who did not take part in or witness an event The study of the past, based on what people left behind primary source history secondary source archaeology

5. The object below is an example of a primary or secondary source and explain why.

Paleolithic Era

Paleolithic Era Paleolithic Stone Age 3 Phases Greek for Old Stone (Paleo = old and Lithic = stone) Paleolithic Era is known as the”Old Stone Age” A Period of time during which early humans made tools and weapons mainly from STONE; earliest known period of human culture Old Stone Age-Hunter/Gatherers, nomads; biggest part of prehistory Middle Stone Age- Made better tools/fire New Stone Age- Farming, started in SW Asia

Paleolithic Terms Nomads Societies Hunter- Gatherers Discovery of Fire A person who has no settled home (dwelling). Traveled in groups of 20-30. Keep moving to new places to find food. A community of people who share a common culture. Nomads hunted and gathered food for the group Men= hunters Women= gatherers Discovered during the Old Stone Age. How could this new technology change the lives of the nomads during the paleolithic era? Nomads Societies Hunter- Gatherers Discovery of Fire

The Old Stone Age or the Paleolithic Era, was a period of time that lasted until about 12,000 to 70,000 years ago.

How did man survive? Man survived by hunting animals and gathering roots, berries, leaves, and seeds.

Hunting Old Stone Age (Paleolithic Era) people eventually began to hunt in groups. Cave Art showing men hunting in groups These antlers may have been used as a disguise during the hunt.

Hunted Animals Mammoth Wild Boar Reindeer

Roots, Berries, and Other Plant Life Gathering... Roots, Berries, and Other Plant Life Scurvy Grass Crowberry Shabby Inkcaps Wild Cabbage Morel Goosebury

Old Stone Age (Paleolithic Era) Tools Man used stone, wood, and bone tools to survive during the Old Stone Age.

Bow found in Denmark Hand Axe Flint Blades used to sharpen tools Bone Harpoon

Food Processing using a flint blade to skin an animal using a flint blade to butcher a carcass

Introduction of Language Why would they need language? Hunting Resolve issues **CONSIDERED ONE OF THE GREATEST ADVANCEMENTS* *Do language activity to understand why it was such an important advancement (pg. 33 World History)

Cave Art

Lascaux Cave

There was another important development – the discovery of fire. Old Stone Age (Paleolithic Era) Development There was another important development – the discovery of fire There was another important development – the discovery of fire.

Many Stone Age people were Nomads, or people who had no settled home.

Old Stone Age (Paleolithic Era) Shelters

Warm-up Day 9 Use complete sentences to explain three attributes of the Paleolithic Era (Page 26)

The Migration of Man

The New Stone Age (The Neolithic Era)

The New Stone Age (The Neolithic Era) The New Stone Age or The Neolithic Era lasted until about 6,000 to 12,000 years ago.

During the Neolithic Era, people began to settle in one place. The New Stone Age (The Neolithic Era) During the Neolithic Era, people began to settle in one place.

New Stone Age (Neolithic Era) Settlement

Man began to change his diet and eat grains and small animals.

The Development of Agriculture Agriculture is the raising of crops and animals. The development of agriculture began over a long period of time and in more than one place. People no longer needed to travel great distances to gather food. Surplus: more of something than is needed.

People learned how to domesticate plants and animals. To domesticate means to train something to be useful to people. Early people learned to care for plants such as wheat, barley, peas, and lentils. The first farmers also domesticated wild goats, cattle, and sheep.

Ancient charred wheat grains are shown in the picture above. Man domesticated wild wheat.

Domesticated Corn Thousands of years ago, an ear of corn did not make much of a meal. (top) It took thousands of years of careful breeding for ears of corn to reach their present size. (bottom)

New Stone Age (Neolithic Era) Tools People still used stone, bone, and wooden tools, but some new tools were added by using copper and bronze.

Advanced Tools These early farming tools date back to around 8,000 years ago. The axe, bottom, was used for clearing; flint sickles, left, were used for harvesting cereal crops; a flat rock and rounded stone, center, were used for grinding flour; and perforated clay slabs, upper right, were probably used to ventilate bread ovens.

The End

Warm-up Day 9 Divide the blue cards with the people at your table. Play IHWH (I have who has) with your table. *STONE AGE PRACTICE TEST Monday.*

Warm-up Day 10 Divide the blue cards with the people at your table. Play IHWH (I have who has)

Double Bubble

Warm-up Get out your interactive notebook and turn to page 28. Number the paper from 1-10. Begin the quiz. **PLEASE, DO NOT WRITE ON THE QUIZ**

Language, Art, and Religion The most important development of early Stone Age culture was language. Scientists have many theories about why language first developed. Some think it was to make hunting in groups easier. Others think it developed as a way for people to form relationships. Still others think language made it easier for people to resolve issues like how to distribute food. Language wasn’t the only way early people expressed themselves. They also created art. People carved figures out of stone, ivory, and bone. They painted and carved images of people and animals on cave walls. Scientists still aren’t sure why people made art. Perhaps the cave paintings were used to teach people how to hunt, or maybe they had religious meanings.

Cave Art Cave Art

Discovery of Chauvet Cave With your elbow partner, complete ACAPS for this primary source and write it in your notebook. Write this on right side of your notebook Author – Who created source? Context – When & where was the source created? Audience – For what audience was this source created? Purpose – For what reason was this source created? Significance – What can be learned from this source?

ACAPS Thousands of years ago , early people decorated caves with paintings like this one from Chauvet cave in France. No one knows for sure why people created cave painting , but many historians think they were related to hunting.

Unit Test Fill in your agenda Take a test booklet and answer form DO NOT WRITE ON THE TEST Answer each question by filling in the correct bubble Using a separate sheet of paper, answer the 3 response questions in COMPLETE SENTENCES and RESTATE THE QUESTION When you are done, finish your cave art drawing on page 29 of your “IAN”.

Restate the Question 1. Four sources of information that people use to learn history are……. 2. Some ways that migration caused people to adapt to new areas during the Mesolithic Era are…… 3. Farming changed societies by……