Bellringer Define the following: Genocide Holocaust

Created by Mr. Hataway January 8, 2012 The Holocaust Created by Mr. Hataway January 8, 2012

Cornell Notes: Three Questions Today, I will learn . . . Examine Germany’s policies toward Jews and how it developed into genocide. I will learn it by . . . Take notes using Cornell Notes Strategy; use listening skills; ask relevant questions. I have learned it when I can . . . Construct a web diagram citing examples of Germany’s persecution of the Jews.

Essential Question In what ways did the Nazis persecute the Jews in the 1930s?

Define Genocide – the systematic killing of all the people from a national, ethnic, or religious group. Holocaust – the organized, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators.

After murdering Jews and other “undesirables” in extermination camps, Nazis took whatever articles of value the victims had, such as gold fillings from teeth and wedding rings.

Historical Background Anti-Semitism: prejudice against Jews. For many centuries Christians in Europe discriminated against Jews. Christians blamed Jews for crucifying Jesus. In Middle Ages, Christian anti-Jewish preaching sought to prevent contact with Jews. Many believed that Jews were in league with the Devil.

Historical Background

Historical Background Adolf Hitler’s book Mein Kampf (1926), blamed the plight of Germany on an international Jewish conspiracy.

Hitler, De Furher Enabling Act of 1933 made Adolf Hitler the dictator of Germany Within months of its passage, laws passed boycotting Jewish businesses; civil services laws forbid doctors and lawyers from serving Non-Aryans. April 1, 1933 - The Nazi boycott is underway as a dress shop in Berlin now has a sign on its window saying "Germans! Defend Yourselves! - Don't buy from Jews!" http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/triumph/tr-boycott.htm

Nazi Persecution of the Jews Nuremberg Laws (September 1935) Took away Jews citizenship Banned marriage between Jews and Germans. Forced to wear Yellow Star of David to identify oneself as a Jew.

Nazi Persecution of the Jews Kristallnacht (November 9, 1938) “night of broken glass” – Anti-Jewish violence erupted throughout Germany and Austria Ninety Jews died, hundreds badly injured thousands of Jewish businesses destroyed nearly 180 synagogues wrecked.

Morning After Kristallnacht Interior of Fasanenstrasse Synagogue Store Front

Nazi Persecution of the Jews Escaping Nazi-Controlled Germany Between 1933 and 1939, about 350,000 Jews escaped. Many emigrated to the U.S. Sigmund Freud, Albert Einstein, Henry Kissinger Millions of Jews remained trapped in Nazi-dominated Europe because they could not get visas.

The Final Solution Jan. 20, 1942, Nazi leaders decide on the “final solution” to the Jewish problem. Round up Jews; other “undesirables” take them to concentration camps; elderly, sick, and young children were sent to extermination camps.

The Final Solution To hasten the “final solution” the Nazis built huge death camps equipped with gas chambers and crematoriums. Those who survived the Holocaust are forever haunted by its horrors.

The Holocaust

The Final Solution The Nazis killed over 6 million Jews and millions of other people during the Holocaust. Persecuted anyone who opposed them, the disabled, Gypsies, homosexuals, and Slavic peoples. The Nazis’ strongest hatred was aimed at Jews.

The Holocaust Geography and History The map below shows Nazi concentration and extermination camps. Study the map and answer the questions on the following slides.

Geography and History (cont.) The Holocaust Geography and History (cont.) Interpreting Maps  In which two countries were most of the concentration and extermination camps located? Most of the concentration and extermination camps were located in Germany and Poland.

The Holocaust

Checking for Understanding The Holocaust Checking for Understanding Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. __ 1. a camp where prisoners were sent to be executed __ 2. name given to the mass slaughter of Jews and other groups by the Nazis during World War II __ 3. a camp where persons are detained or confined C A. Holocaust B. concentration camp C. extermination camp A B

Directions: Construct a web diagram citing examples of German persecution of the Jews. Persecution of Jews

Liberation of Nazi Death Camps Quickwrite. Write your response on a sheet of paper. Title this paper “Liberation of the Nazi Death Camps.” Turn in when finished, you have 5 min. Pretend that you are an American soldier. You have been order to visit one of the Nazi concentration camps that had recently been liberated by the Allies. Describe your reaction as you enter the camp. What do you see, hear, smell?

That’s all folks!!!