Chapter 5 The Road to Revolution

Ch 5-1 I Can Statement I can understand how the British gained French territory in North America

Ch 5-1 Bullet Points Bullet Point #1: British settlers moved into the lands claimed by the French in the Ohio River valley Bullet Point #2: After early British defeats at Fort Duquesne, Fort Niagara, and Lake George, France was defeated Bullet Point #3: Under the 1763 Treaty of Paris, Britain and Spain took control of almost all of France’s North American possessions

Vocab Words George Washington: Militia: Alliance: Cede:

French and Indian War 1753 French build forts with new land claim Virginia Colony sends soldiers to that land also to claim land and make the French leave French wouldn’t leave, build Fort Duquesne Washington builds Fort Necessity French fight George Washington and his militia and send them back to Virginia

Albany Congress War expected; colonial meeting called Met to agree on defending themselves against the French British invited the Iroquois tribe; didn’t want to make an alliance Albany Plan of Union: would have a council of representatives, would govern the Western Settlements and deal with the Indians; approved by Albany Congress but rejected by Colonial assemblies

Early British Defeats British go out to take over French forts General Braddock went to Ohio River Valley Didn’t understand how to fight in N. America and didn’t respect soldiers Led his soldiers into a French ambush near Fort Duquesne More British defeats May 1756; Britain declared war on France; called the 7 Years’ War

British Turn the Tide New generals to lead the British Recaptured forts they had lost to the French; captured Fort Duquesne Iroquois now fighting with British France loses Quebec and couldn’t protect territory in N. America 1763; France and Britain signed the Treaty of Paris; gave almost all of Frances territory in N. America to Britain

Ch 5-2 I Can Statement I can understand how the French and Indian War drew the colonists closer together but increased friction with Britain

Ch 5-2 Bullet Points Bullet Point #1: To avoid conflict with Native Americans, Britain issued the Proclamation of 1763 Bullet Point #2: After the end of the war, Britain strengthened its control over the American colonies by imposing a series of new taxes Bullet Point #3: Colonists protested Britain’s actions by boycotting British goods.

Vocab Words Duty: Boycott: Petition: Writ of Assistance: John Adams: Samuel Adams:

Conflict With Native Americans Indian leader Pontiac makes alliance of Western Native Americans; then attack the British British fight back; start of Pontiac’s War Proclamation of 1763:banned colonial settlement West of a line drawn along the Appalachians; angered colonists

British Rule Leads to Conflict Britain in debt due to French and Indian War; wanted to colonists to pay part of debt Sugar Act: put an import tax on molasses and other goods and called for harsher treatment on smugglers Quartering Act: purpose was to save money; required colonists to house, provide food and other supplies for soldiers

The Stamp Act Required all colonists to buy special stamps to place on all kinds of products Widespread protests and boycotts Stamp Act Congress met in 1765 to write to Britain to end the Sugar and Stamp Acts; worked to get rid of the Stamp Act Declaratory Act: Parliament has total control over the colonies

Protests Spread Townshend Acts: Britain would no longer tax products or activities inside the colonies, it would only tax products brought into the colonies Colonists losing more rights; Britain wanted to weaken the Colonial assemblies Committee of Correspondence: aimed to keep the colonists informed of British actions

Ch 5-3 I Can Statement I can understand how the British tax policies moved the colonists closer to rebellion

Ch 5-3 Bullet Points After parliament passed the Tea Act, American colonists dumped cases of British tea into Boston Harbor The Intolerable Acts further tightened Britain’s control over the American colonies The first major conflict between American colonists and British soldiers took place at Lexington and Concord on April 18,1775

Vocab Words Monopoly: Repeal: Minuteman:

A Dispute Over Tea Tea Act: Gave the East India Company a monopoly on selling tea(hurt the colonists); lowered tea prices Boston Tea Party: Started by Sons of Liberty to stop tea from coming into the city; made threats; destroyed 90,000 pounds of tea

The Intolerable Acts Intolerable Acts: 1. Closed the port of Boston 2. Increased the power of the royal governor 3. Abolished the upper house of Massachusetts legislature 4. Strengthened the Quartering Act 1st Continental Congress: meeting to discuss that the colonies had a right to govern and tax themselves; all colonies came except Georgia

The Shot Heard Around the World British government use force to get the colonists to listen Minutemen begin storing guns and ammo Governor finds out about this and goes to take the supplies Minutemen and British soldiers meet, an unknown shot is fired and the Revolutionary War begins

I can understand how the American Revolution began Ch 5-4 I Can Statement I can understand how the American Revolution began

Ch 5-4 Bullet Points Bullet Point #1: The 2nd Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in May 1775 to deal with the deepening crisis with Great Britain When the Olive Branch Petition failed, the militant statement of purpose Although the Patriots lost the Battle of Bunker Hill, George Washington finally drove the British from Boston

Vocab Words Blockade: Mercenary:

The 2nd Continental Congress Colonists didn’t want independence yet, but wanted to protect their rights from the British 2nd Continental Congress: 1775, planned to form an army, began printing money and chose George Washington as their commander of the army

Patriots vs. Loyalists Split developing between colonists Patriot: colonists who favored independence Loyalist: colonists who remain loyal to Britain and the King Fewer Loyalists; usually from wealthy families or enslaved Africans hoping for their freedom

Hoping for Peace Even after the Battles of Lexington and Concord, many at the 2nd Continental Congress were hoping for peace Olive Branch Petition: said the colonists were loyal to the king and asked all of the fighting to stop Effort to make peace failed; King George believed the colonists were in rebellion and sent troops over to end the revolt

Early Battles Battle of Fort Ticonderoga: surprise attack by colonists; Patriot win Battle of Bunker Hill: British win, but lost a lot of men; helped American morale because they proved they could stand up to the professional British army