1. A Road to Revolution Chapter 5

2. Intro http://www.graspr.com/videos/Schoolhous e-Rock-No-More-Kings-1 http://www.graspr.com/videos/Schoolhous e-Rock-No-More-Kings-1 http://www.graspr.com/videos/Schoolhous e-Rock-No-More-Kings-1 http://www.graspr.com/videos/Schoolhous e-Rock-No-More-Kings-1

3. Trouble on the Frontier In the middle of the 1700’s, France and England were competing for control of land in North America In the middle of the 1700’s, France and England were competing for control of land in North America The French got along well with the Natives, but the British stole land from them. The French got along well with the Natives, but the British stole land from them.

4. Trouble on the Frontier In 1753, the French began to build forts in “British” land George Washington was sent with the militia to warn the French not to try to take the land One year later, Washington returned to the site of the Ohio River to build a fort

5. Trouble on the Frontier He was too late, the French had already build Fort Duquesne Washington built Fort Necessity 50 miles away Eventually Washington was forced to surrender Fort Necessity.

6. Trouble on the Frontier There was a meeting of the colonial leaders in Albany, New York There was a meeting of the colonial leaders in Albany, New York They wanted to agree to defend themselves together They wanted to agree to defend themselves together They also invited the Iroquois because they wanted to make an alliance They also invited the Iroquois because they wanted to make an alliance The Natives wouldn’t make one The Natives wouldn’t make one To show the necessity for unity, Join or Die was printed by Benjamin Franklin To show the necessity for unity, Join or Die was printed by Benjamin Franklin

7. Trouble on the Frontier The Albany Plan of Union Council of Representatives used to organize armies and collect taxes This was rejected by the colonies

8. Trouble on the Frontier The British plan was to push the French out of the Ohio River Valley The British plan was to push the French out of the Ohio River Valley General Edward Braddock had orders to capture Fort Duquesne General Edward Braddock had orders to capture Fort Duquesne He did not understand American fighting tactics and half of his men were killed in an ambush He did not understand American fighting tactics and half of his men were killed in an ambush The British also lost at Fort Niagara and near Lake George The British also lost at Fort Niagara and near Lake George

9. Trouble on the Frontier May 1756, the British declared war on the French, starting the 7 Years War (The French and Indian War) In 1757, The luck of the British changed General James Wolfe led the British to many victories including Louisbourg and Pittsburgh At the Battle of Quebec, Wolfe led the British at night on a small trail that allowed them to climb cliffs into the city They Defeated the French

10. Trouble on the Frontier February 1763, Britain and France signed the treaty of Paris ending the War February 1763, Britain and France signed the treaty of Paris ending the War The French surrendered The French surrendered

12. The Colonists resist tighter control Because of the war, the British controlled almost all the territory east of the Mississippi Fighting with the natives began after the French and Indian war ended

13. The Colonists resist tighter control May 1763, Pontiac, leader of the Ottawa nation and his allies attacked British forts in the area May 1763, Pontiac, leader of the Ottawa nation and his allies attacked British forts in the area Many British and Natives were killed Many British and Natives were killed The British defeated the natives by August The British defeated the natives by August

14. The Colonists resist tighter control Proclamation of 1763 was issued by the British government It banned colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains This was widely ignored and impossible to enforce

15. The Colonists resist tighter control Although the 13 colonies were divided, they saw themselves as separate from the British in Britain Although the 13 colonies were divided, they saw themselves as separate from the British in Britain The British thought the colonists should pay part of the debt from the war The British thought the colonists should pay part of the debt from the war 1764-The Sugar Act 1764-The Sugar Act Parliament put a duty on products such as molasses and sugar products Parliament put a duty on products such as molasses and sugar products

16. The Colonists resist tighter control 1765-Parliament passed the Quartering Act This act said that the colonists would have to house British troops to provide them with food, water and supplies The colonists complained Parliament was violating their rights

17. The Colonists resist tighter control 1765-The Stamp Act required a special tax on many types of products including newspapers, wills, licenses, insurance policies, land titles, contracts and dice 1765-The Stamp Act required a special tax on many types of products including newspapers, wills, licenses, insurance policies, land titles, contracts and dice This was protested-The House of Burgesses claimed it was the only one who could tax the colonists This was protested-The House of Burgesses claimed it was the only one who could tax the colonists Merchants in New York, Boston and Philadelphia organized a boycott Merchants in New York, Boston and Philadelphia organized a boycott In October 1765- 9 colonies met in New York for a Stamp Act Congress to petition the king to end the Stamp and Sugar Act In October 1765- 9 colonies met in New York for a Stamp Act Congress to petition the king to end the Stamp and Sugar Act

18. The Colonists resist tighter control 1766-Colonist protests worked and Parliament repealed the Stamp Act They passed thee Declaratory Act which said Parliament has total authority over the colonies

19. The Colonists resist tighter control The Townshend Acts set up a system to enforce new import taxes The Townshend Acts set up a system to enforce new import taxes Customs officers could use Writs of Assistance Customs officers could use Writs of Assistance Colonists boycotted goods and in 1770, the Townshend Acts were repealed except for the tax on Tea Colonists boycotted goods and in 1770, the Townshend Acts were repealed except for the tax on Tea

21. The Colonists resist tighter control On the same day as the repeal, workers and sailors surrounded soldiers. On the same day as the repeal, workers and sailors surrounded soldiers. The colonists threw snowballs and rocks at the soldiers The colonists threw snowballs and rocks at the soldiers The soldiers fired into the crowd, killed 5 and wounded 6 The soldiers fired into the crowd, killed 5 and wounded 6 Crispus Attucks was the first to die Crispus Attucks was the first to die This was called the Boston Massacre This was called the Boston Massacre

22. The Colonists resist tighter control The 9 soldiers were put on trial for murder and defended by John Adams Two soldiers were convicted-Their punishment was having their thumbs branded

23. The Colonists resist tighter control The Committee of Correspondence was set up by Samuel Adams and was used to keep the colonists informed of British actions The Committee of Correspondence was set up by Samuel Adams and was used to keep the colonists informed of British actions There were letters and pamphlets printed There were letters and pamphlets printed

24. From Protest to Rebellion In 1773, Parliament passed the Tea Act The British wanted to help the British East India Company This lowered the price of tea by direct shipments to the colonies Colonists did not like this because they could only get tea from this company and not from individual merchants

25. From Protest to Rebellion Colonists called the Sons of Liberty threatened ship captains who were bringing in tea Colonists called the Sons of Liberty threatened ship captains who were bringing in tea Tea was only unloaded in Boston on December 16, 1773, a large group of men crowded in the harbor, they were disguised as Indians, boarded the ship and threw 342 cases of tea into the harbor Tea was only unloaded in Boston on December 16, 1773, a large group of men crowded in the harbor, they were disguised as Indians, boarded the ship and threw 342 cases of tea into the harbor This was the Boston Tea Party This was the Boston Tea Party

26. From Protest to Rebellion This outraged the British government As a response, Parliament passed four laws the colonists called the Intolerable Acts They closed the port of Boston Increased the royal governor power, cut town meetings and abolished Massachusetts Legislature Tried the murder of officials in Britain Strengthened the Quartering Act of 1765

27. From Protest to Rebellion The Quebec Act set up a government in the territories won from France The Quebec Act set up a government in the territories won from France Americans reacted by helping the people of Boston Americans reacted by helping the people of Boston They sent food and supplies They sent food and supplies The Committee of Correspondence organized the first Continental Congress in Philadelphia in September and October of 1774 The Committee of Correspondence organized the first Continental Congress in Philadelphia in September and October of 1774 12 out of 13 colonies set delegates, all except for Georgia 12 out of 13 colonies set delegates, all except for Georgia

28. From Protest to Rebellion Congress demanded a repeal of the Intolerable acts and declared the colonies had a right to tax and govern themselves Began the training of militias Started a new boycott of British goods

29. From Protest to Rebellion Parliament would not meet the demands Parliament would not meet the demands In the meantime, colonists began to arm militias and minutemen In the meantime, colonists began to arm militias and minutemen In April 1775, the Governor of Massachusetts found out the minutemen were storing goods at Concord In April 1775, the Governor of Massachusetts found out the minutemen were storing goods at Concord He sent 700 troops to seize arms and leaders He sent 700 troops to seize arms and leaders Paul Revere and William Dawes let people know Paul Revere and William Dawes let people know

30. From Protest to Rebellion Five miles away at Lexington, minutemen were waiting for the British When confronted, someone shot a gun, this was the “Shot heard round the world.” At Concord, 400 minutemen fought the British About 300 British Redcoats had been killed/wounded

31. The War Begins After Lexington and Concord the Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in May 1775 They chose George Washington to be the Commander of the Continental army They began to print their own money

32. The War Begins By 1775, Colonists were split By 1775, Colonists were split People who wanted independence were Patriots People who wanted independence were Patriots 1/3 of colonist remained loyal to the King and were loyalists 1/3 of colonist remained loyal to the King and were loyalists Loyalists came from all colonies but were the minority Loyalists came from all colonies but were the minority Patriots gained control of the government Patriots gained control of the government

33. The War Begins Many slaves sided with the British because they thought they could win their freedom Many loyalists moved to Canada

34. The War Begins The Second Continental Congress began to petition the King The Second Continental Congress began to petition the King The Olive Branch Petition The Olive Branch Petition Said the colonists were loyal to the King and asked the king to stop the disputes Said the colonists were loyal to the King and asked the king to stop the disputes May 10, 1775, colonists attacked Ft. Ticonderoga May 10, 1775, colonists attacked Ft. Ticonderoga Led by Ethan Allen and the “Green Mountain Boys” surprised the British Led by Ethan Allen and the “Green Mountain Boys” surprised the British The British surrendered valuable weapons including cannons The British surrendered valuable weapons including cannons

35. The War Begins American farmers and workers surrounded Boston as soldiers British general William Howe decided to attack Breed’s Hill Americans did not have much Ammo so they waited until the British were 150 feet away The British attacked three different times before they succeeded This was called the Battle of Bunker Hill and Americans proved they could stand up to the British.

36. The War Begins George Washington used cannons to force the British out of Boston George Washington used cannons to force the British out of Boston The British ended up blockading American ports The British ended up blockading American ports They hired mercenaries to help their army They hired mercenaries to help their army In December 1775, Americans attacked Quebec and were turned back. In December 1775, Americans attacked Quebec and were turned back.

37. Conclusion http://www.graspr.com/videos/Schoolhous e-Rock-The-Shot-Heard-Round-the-World- 1 http://www.graspr.com/videos/Schoolhous e-Rock-The-Shot-Heard-Round-the-World- 1 http://www.graspr.com/videos/Schoolhous e-Rock-The-Shot-Heard-Round-the-World- 1 http://www.graspr.com/videos/Schoolhous e-Rock-The-Shot-Heard-Round-the-World- 1