Happy Friday! BW: Add word wall words 12 – 19 to matrix (make them fit!) Do not define! Begin reading Chapter 3, Section 3. Class work: HOLY MOLY!!! We have a lot to do today! HW: Back of notes page (ISB-18)

Copy the following question: 1. What is the sum of all chemical reactions in an organism called? P. 81 Metabolism

Copy the following question: 2. Why are producers that use photosynthesis usually green? P. 82 The contain a pigment called chlorophyll (found in chloroplasts) that allow photosynthesis to take place.

Copy the following question: 3. What must happen to food molecules for respiration to take place? P. 83 They must be broken down into simpler substances and their stored energy released.

Copy the following question: 4. Where in the cell does fermentation take place? P. 84 Cytoplasm!

Copy the following question: 5. Why do bakers use yeast for breadmaking? P. 84 Yeast carry out process that release energy in the absence of oxygen and produce carbon dioxide, which causes bread to rise.

Copy the following question: 6. What is the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration? P. 85 The are dependent upon each other. One could not exist without the other.

Copy the following question: 7. Explain the difference between producers and consumers and give an example of each. Producers make food. Consumers get energy by eating producers, food made by producers, or other consumers.

8. Infer how the energy used by many living things on Earth can be traced back to sunlight. Energy used by living things is released from food molecules during cellular respiration. During photosynthesis, producers convert light energy – usually from the sun – into chemical energy in the sugar molecules that they produce. Consumers get this energy by eating the producers.

9. Compare / contrast photosynthesis and respiration *They are opposites!* They both provide energy. * They form a cycle!

10. What is the chemical equations for respiration photosynthesis?

WHEW!!! Let’s take a brain break!!!!!! Stand up, stretch.

Section 3 Energy for Life A. Cells use chemical reactions to change the chemical energy stored in food into forms needed to perform activities.

1. Metabolism—the total of all chemical reactions in an organism 2. The chemical reactions of metabolism require enzymes.

B. Photosynthesis—the process that plants and other organisms use to convert light energy into chemical energy or sugars to be used as food. 1. Producers—organisms that make their own food; consumers—organisms that can’t make their own food 2. Chlorophyll and other pigments are used in photosynthesis to capture light energy which is used to produce sugar and oxygen.

C. Respiration—the process in which chemical reactions break down food molecules into simpler substances and release stored energy 1. Respiration of carbohydrates begins in the cytoplasm. a. Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose molecules. b. Each glucose molecule is broken down into two simpler molecules, releasing energy.

2. Respiration moves into the mitochondria. a. The two simpler molecules are broken down again, releasing much more energy. b. This process uses oxygen and produces CO2 and water as wastes.

D. Fermentation—cells that do not have enough oxygen for respiration use this process to release some of the stored energy in glucose molecules. 1. Entire process occurs in the cytoplasm. 2. Produces lactic acid, alcohol, and carbon dioxide as wastes.

E. Photosynthesis and respiration— almost the opposite of each other 1. Photosynthesis produces sugars and oxygen, which are used in respiration. 2. Respiration produces carbon dioxide and water, which are used in photosynthesis

Think about it! You are about to go for a run. What does your body need to make the energy you will use? Water to transport nutrients to cells, carbohydrates or lipids as a source of chemical energy, enzymes to assist the chemical reactions, and oxygen to fuel respiration.