The Cold War: Key Terms. Superpowers Nations stronger than other powerful nations Nations stronger than other powerful nations Examples: U.S. & U.S.S.R.

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Presentation transcript:

The Cold War: Key Terms

Superpowers Nations stronger than other powerful nations Nations stronger than other powerful nations Examples: U.S. & U.S.S.R. during the Cold War Examples: U.S. & U.S.S.R. during the Cold War

Cold War State of tension and hostility between nations aligned with the United States on one side and the USSR on the other … State of tension and hostility between nations aligned with the United States on one side and the USSR on the other … Rarely led to direct armed conflict Rarely led to direct armed conflict KoreaKorea VietnamVietnam Fear of Nuclear War Fear of Nuclear War

United States Major Superpower of the Cold War Major Superpower of the Cold War “Leader of the Free World” “Leader of the Free World” “Protector of Freedom” “Protector of Freedom” A Democratic Republic A Democratic Republic Capitalist Economy – free enterprise Capitalist Economy – free enterprise Resorted to questionable tactics to stop Soviet expansion Resorted to questionable tactics to stop Soviet expansion Supporting noncommunist dictatorsSupporting noncommunist dictators Bay of Pigs invasionBay of Pigs invasion

Soviet Union Union of Soviet Socialist Republics / U.S.S.R. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics / U.S.S.R. Superpower during the Cold War Superpower during the Cold War Archenemy of the United States Archenemy of the United States Leader of the Communist world Leader of the Communist world

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization North Atlantic Treaty Organization United States & its (noncommunist) allies United States & its (noncommunist) allies

Warsaw Pact Military alliance between the Soviet Union and its allies Military alliance between the Soviet Union and its allies

Berlin Wall Concrete barrier erected in 1961 to divide East and West Berlin Concrete barrier erected in 1961 to divide East and West Berlin Communist East GermanyCommunist East Germany Noncommunist WestNoncommunist West A Cold War symbol A Cold War symbol Fell in 1989 Fell in 1989

SEATO Southeast-Asia Treaty Organization Southeast-Asia Treaty Organization Founded in 1955 Founded in 1955 Alliance between the U.S. & its allies Alliance between the U.S. & its allies U.S., Britain, France, Australia, Pakistan, Thailand, New Zealand, PhilippinesU.S., Britain, France, Australia, Pakistan, Thailand, New Zealand, Philippines

CENTO Central Treaty Organization Central Treaty Organization Britain, Turkey, Iran, and Pakistan Britain, Turkey, Iran, and Pakistan

Soviet Bloc Soviet Union and its allies Soviet Union and its allies See packet map See packet map

Fidel Castro Cuban leader Cuban leader Led the Cuban Revolution: organized an armed rebellion against a corrupt dictator and in 1959, Castro led his guerilla army to victory and set about transforming Cuba. Led the Cuban Revolution: organized an armed rebellion against a corrupt dictator and in 1959, Castro led his guerilla army to victory and set about transforming Cuba. Established a communist state Established a communist state Soviet ally Soviet ally

Cuba Communist state Communist state 90 miles off the coast of Florida 90 miles off the coast of Florida U.S. had a trade embargo against it U.S. had a trade embargo against it Currently led by Raul Castro Currently led by Raul Castro

Bay of Pigs Invasion U.S. attempt to bring down the Communist regime in Cuba U.S. attempt to bring down the Communist regime in Cuba Ended in failure Ended in failure Embarrassment for the Kennedy Administration Embarrassment for the Kennedy Administration

Trade Embargo The refusal to buy or sell goods from a country The refusal to buy or sell goods from a country Tactic to force change / show disapproval Tactic to force change / show disapproval “An economic punishment” “An economic punishment” The United States’ trade embargo against Cuba.The United States’ trade embargo against Cuba.

Joseph Stalin Soviet dictator from 1924 – 1953 Soviet dictator from 1924 – 1953 Ruthless Ruthless Responsible for more deaths than Hitler Responsible for more deaths than Hitler

Purges The “elimination” of political enemies aka “enemies of the state” which included those anti-communist AND OR anti-Stalin The “elimination” of political enemies aka “enemies of the state” which included those anti-communist AND OR anti-Stalin Would be considered “cruel and unusual punishment” in the United States Would be considered “cruel and unusual punishment” in the United States Ensured Stalin’s totalitarian rule Ensured Stalin’s totalitarian rule Basic definition: to purify Basic definition: to purify

Ideology System of thoughts, beliefs, values System of thoughts, beliefs, values Communist ideology vs. a democratic ideology Communist ideology vs. a democratic ideology

Command Economy Economic system associated with communism Economic system associated with communism System in which gov’t officials make all basic economic decisions System in which gov’t officials make all basic economic decisions What do produce?What do produce? How to produce it?How to produce it? For whom to produce?For whom to produce?

Containment The U.S. strategy of keeping communism within its existing boundaries & preventing its further expansion. The U.S. strategy of keeping communism within its existing boundaries & preventing its further expansion.

The Cold War: Background Began after WW II between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. Began after WW II between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. Period of great tension Period of great tension Armed conflicts in Korea & VietnamArmed conflicts in Korea & Vietnam Potential threat of Nuclear WarPotential threat of Nuclear War Would impact world history for over 40 years Would impact world history for over 40 years Superpowers formed alliances Superpowers formed alliances “Anything you can do, I can do better.” (while trying to prevent the other side from hurting you/ obtaining an advantage) “Anything you can do, I can do better.” (while trying to prevent the other side from hurting you/ obtaining an advantage)

European Nations: Communist or Free? Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia Communist Communist

Communist or Free? East Germany East Germany Communist Communist

Communist or Free? Finland Finland Free Free

Communist or Free? France France Free Free

Communist or Free? Great Britain Great Britain Free Free

Hungary Communist Communist

Italy Free Free

Norway

Poland Communist Communist

Portugal Free Free

Romania Communist Communist

Soviet Union Communist Communist

Spain Free Free

Sweden

West Germany Free Free

Yugoslavia Communist Communist