1. The Cold War
World History – Unit 11

2. Day 1: Page 1: Germany After WWII
Next 7 days of class…
Agenda:
Next 7 days…
Germany after WWII map
NATO vs. Warsaw Pact
Notes

3. Day 1: Page 1: Germany After WWII

4. Day 1: Page 1: Germany After WWII

5. Day 1: Page 1: Germany after WWII
Two superpowers: United States and Eastern Europe
U.S. led the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Eastern Europe (specifically the Soviet Union – aka Russia) led the Warsaw Pact
“Line” of tension was drawn in Berlin, Germany called the Iron Curtain between the Democratic West and the Communist East

6. Day 1: Page 1: Germany after WWII
Those in Communist Berlin were fleeing to democratic Germany
1961 – the Berlin Wall was built (concrete barrier/wall topped with barbed wire and patrolled by guards)

7. Berlin Wall
THEN…
NOW!

8. Day 1: Page 1: Germany after WWII
Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia also revolted against Soviet domination
Demonstrators could not stand against Soviet tanks
U.S. was the only country with nuclear weapons but by 1949, the Soviet Union also developed nuclear weapons
By 1953 BOTH countries had developed the hydrogen bomb (even more destructive than the atomic bomb!)

9. Day 1: Page 1: Germany after WWII
The United States and Soviet Union engaged in a race to match one another in new weapons…called The Cold War
The result? A balance of terror because both sides know that the other side would launch their new weapons and destroy the other
The world and the American and Soviet people lived in constant fear

10. Day 1: Page 1: Germany after WWII
The two sides met in disarmament talks although neither side completely trusted the other, some agreements were made
SALT – Strategic Arms Limitation Talks – limited the number of nuclear weapons (both sides agreed to this in 1972 and 1979)
U.S. President Reagan launched the “Stars Wars” which built a missile defense against nuclear attack
Led to the era of détente – relaxation of tensions during the 1970s (this era ended in 1979 when the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan)

11. Day 1: Page 1: Germany after WWII
Cold War goes global
Soviet Union was assisting other communist countries including China and Korea
The US reached out to countries including Pakistan, France, Australia, etc.
US set up military bases around the world unlike the Soviet Union
US feared that Communism would spread around the world

12. Day 1: Page 1: Germany after WWII
Fidel Castro became dictator in Cuba in the 1950s
US tried to bring down the Communist regime in Cuba as it was “too close to home”
1961- Bay of Pigs Invasion – Soviet Union sent nuclear weapons to Cuba
Pres. John F. Kennedy responded by imposing a naval blockade to prevent more Soviet shipments
Kennedy demanded that the Soviet Union remove its nuclear missiles (which were pointed at the US)
For a few days, the world faced a risk of nuclear war
Nikita Krushchev agreed to remove the Soviet missiles and war was avoided

13. Day 2: Page 2: Cold War Agenda: Notes Dr. Seuss
Cold War Events in pairs
Homework:
Cold War Quiz tomorrow

14. The Cold War

16. What was it?
Why was it different than previous wars?
Who was involved?
Why did it last
so long?

17. What was it?
50 years of tension between the United States and Soviet Union (Russia)
West vs. East (Iron Curtain)
A race to become the “biggest” and the “best” – Military, Espionage, Power, and Society.
For the US a war against Communism, for Russia (USSR) a war against Capitalism.
No fighting between Russia and the US – just indirect conflicts with the ideals of each side

19. Why was it different than previous wars?
Lasted for 50 years
A war of ideals
Fighting was not in the battle fields between then two sides it was more of a philosophical battle field
Was TOTAL WAR like no other time in history.

20. Who was involved? West – US, Britain, France, West Berlin
East – Russia (USSR), East Berlin, Cuba
Africa, India, China, Japan were not significant
South East Asia was the “battle ground” and any country coming out of colonialism/imperialism

21. **** The game of chicken lasts until the chicken backs down****
Why did it last so long?
Constant build up and “Macho-ism”
World was becoming more militaristic and focused on outdoing each other
Both countries refused to make amends
**** The game of chicken lasts until the chicken backs down****
RUSSIA BACKED DOWN

22. Butter Battle Book – Dr. Seuss
Part 1: Part 2: